开孔式削角沉箱防波堤水动力特性模型试验研究  

Experimental study on hydrodynamic characteristics of perforated chamfered caisson breakwaters

作　　者：朱峰 刘子宜 覃杰[1] ZHU Feng;LIU Ziyi;QIN Jie(CCCC-FHDI Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510290,China;Shenzhen Merchants Qianhai Bay Real Estate Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518101,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司,广东广州510290 [2]深圳市招商前海湾置业有限公司,广东深圳518101

出　　处：《水运工程》2024年第8期26-32,共7页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：针对开孔式削角沉箱防波堤在设计条件下水动力响应稳定性评估问题,基于物理模型试验方法,在试验水槽中建立开孔式削角沉箱防波堤的缩尺模型,开展不同水位对应波浪条件作用下的结构稳定性、越浪量以及波压力分布模型试验研究,并根据试验结果对结构设计进行改进优化。研究结果表明,结构原始方案在极端高水位和设计高水位对应的波浪条件下护底块体发生明显移动且结构越浪量过大,在设计低水位对应波浪条件下沉箱结构发生显著累积位移,需要有针对性开展结构设计优化;提高胸墙的堤顶高程可以有效降低防波堤越浪量,当堤顶高程提升至15 m时,可以满足设计规范要求;防波堤迎浪面波压力分布中的最大值位置与水位呈正相关性,最大浮托压力出现在沉箱外侧底部,随后向尾部逐渐减小。模型试验充分论证了防波堤结构设计方案的可行性,为结构优化提供参考依据。In response to the issue of evaluating the stability of hydrodynamic response of perforated chamfered caisson breakwaters under design conditions,this paper establishes a scaled model of the perforated chamfered caisson breakwater in a flume based on physical model test.The structural stability,overtopping,and wave pressure distribution under wave conditions corresponding to different water levels are carried out in the model test,and the structural design is improved and optimized based on the test results.The research results indicate that the original structural scheme has a significant movement of the bottom protection block under wave conditions corresponding to extreme high water level and design high water level,and the amount of structural overtopping is too large.Under the wave conditions corresponding to the design low water level,the caisson structure experiences significant cumulative displacement.Therefore,the structural design needs to be optimized.Raising the top elevation of the breast wall can effectively reduce the overtopping of the breakwater.When the optimized top elevation is raised to 15 m,it can meet the requirements of design standards.The maximum position of the wave pressure distribution on the wave facing surface of the breakwater is positively correlated with the water level,and the maximum buoyancy pressure appears at the outer bottom of the caisson,which gradually decreasing towards the tail.The model test fully demonstrates the feasibility of the design scheme for the breakwater structure,providing reference basis for structural optimization.

关 键 词：防波堤 开孔式削角沉箱 稳定性 越浪量 波压力分布 

分 类 号：U656.2[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]