数字知识工人“加班同意”的双重社会建构  

The Dual Social Construction of“Overtime Consent”for Digital Knowledge Workers

作　　者：秦文佳 吴晓锋[3] QIN Wen-jia;&WU Xiao-feng(School of Social and Behavior Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;School of Public Economics and Administration,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Global Governance,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院,南京210093 [2]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院,上海200433 [3]上海对外经贸大学国际组织学院(贸易谈判学院),上海201620

出　　处：《上海对外经贸大学学报》2024年第5期100-112,共13页Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics

摘　　要：互联网科技企业在数字技术的驱动下蓬勃发展,与此同时,互联网企业加班现象显著、加班文化盛行,知识工人对加班文化更多的是集体默认和遵从。知识工人的“加班同意”何以可能?研究表明,互联网企业知识工人加班同意经历了组织化建构与个体化驱动的双重社会建构过程。组织化建构阶段,互联网企业不断将市场竞争压力传导到组织内部的团队和个人,经由劳企互动推动加班的集体默认与同意。个体化建构阶段,由于知识地位的相对下降以及市场可替代性的增强,知识工人承接组织生存竞争压力以及行业规则影响,将加班规则内化为行为惯例,产生个体自驱力,形成加班自愿与顺从。为此,一方面要加强知识工人劳动保护,另一方面要提升企业治理能力,注重呼吁的制度吸纳,同时提升企业价值链地位,减少低水平同质化竞争,在促进产业创新发展与实现知识工人的自主劳动之间寻求平衡。Internet technology companies are flourishing driven by digital technology.At the same time,the phenomenon of overtime work in Internet enterprises is significant,and the culture of overtime work is prevalent.Knowledge workers have collective acquiescence and compliance with the culture of overtime work.How is it possible for knowledge workers to agree to work overtime?The research shows that the overtime consent of knowledge workers in Internet enterprises has experienced a dual social construction process driven by organizational construction and individualization.In the organizational construction stage,Internet enterprises continue to transmit market competition pressure to teams and individuals within the organization,and promote collective acquiescence and consent of overtime through labor enterprise interaction;In the stage of individualized construction,due to the relative decline of knowledge status and the enhancement of market substitutability,knowledge workers bear the pressure of organizational survival competition and the influence of industry rules,internalize overtime rules into behavioral norms,generate individual self-drive,and form voluntary and compliant overtime.To this end,on the one hand,we need to strengthen the labor protection of knowledge workers,and on the other hand,we need to enhance the governance capacity of enterprises,pay attention to the institutional absorption called for,and at the same time,enhance the position of enterprise value chains,reduce low-level homogeneous competition,and seek a balance between promoting industrial innovation and development and achieving independent labor of knowledge workers.

关 键 词：加班 知识工人 互联网企业 社会建构 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] C913.2[经济管理—国民经济]