发酵饲料在水产养殖中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Fermented Feed in Aquaculture

作　　者：李正中 刘波[1] 邵鹏 朱爱民 LI Zhengzhong;LIU Bo;SHAO Peng;ZHU Aimin(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Yancheng Shangshui Environmental Biotechnology Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224400,China;Yancheng Academy of Fishery Sciences,Yancheng 224051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,无锡214081 [2]盐城市上水环境生物科技工程有限公司,盐城224400 [3]盐城水产科学研究院,盐城224051

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第8期4847-4860,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48);盐城渔业高质量发展课题(2022yc003);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX23(2008));中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助(2022XT0401)。

摘　　要：随着水产养殖业的高速发展,鱼粉资源紧缺,价格持续攀升,使得植物蛋白质源在水产饲料中的占比逐渐增大,但是植物蛋白质源含有的抗营养因子导致饲料利用率低下,并对水产动物健康造成不利影响。近年来,大量研究表明,发酵饲料可增强饲料的适口性,有助于提高水产动物对饲料中蛋白质、氨基酸、小肽和糖类等营养物质的利用率,并且生物发酵技术可降低植物蛋白质源中的抗营养因子,增加饲料中营养物质含量,提高水产动物机体健康水平和免疫力。本文主要论述发酵饲料的作用机理、主要的发酵菌种、发酵饲料在水产养殖中的应用以及存在的不足之处与前景展望,以便为发酵饲料在水产养殖中的应用提供参考。With the rapid development of aquaculture industry and the shortage of fish meal resources,the proportion of plant protein source in feed is gradually increasing,but the anti-nutritional factors in plant protein source lead to low feed utilization,and it also have adverse effects on the health of aquatic animals.In recent years,a large number of studies have shown that fermented feed can improve the growth and palatability of feeds,help to improve the utilization rates of nutrients such as protein,amino acids,small peptides,carbohydrates,etc.by aquatic animals.In addition,biofermentation technology can reduce the antinutritional factors in plant protein sources,increase the nutrient contents of feed,and improve the health level and immunity of aquatic animals.This paper mainly discussed the mechanism of fermented feed,the main strains of fermented bacteria,and the research progress,remaining shortcomings and prospects of fermented feed in aquaculture in order to provide reference for the application of fermented feed in aquaculture.

关 键 词：发酵饲料 发酵菌种 水产养殖 研究进展 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]