复杂条件下道岔主要病害的整治措施  

Treatment Measures for Major Diseases of Turnouts Under Complex Conditions

作　　者：王阿利[1] WANG Ali(China Railway Baoji Bridge Group Co.Ltd.,Baoji Shaanxi 721006,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁宝桥集团有限公司,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2024年第8期45-49,共5页Railway Engineering

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(20223BBE51009)。

摘　　要：高海拔、强紫外线、冻土等复杂环境及线路条件对道岔现有结构、扣件系统、跨区间无缝线路等关键技术的适应性提出了严峻挑战。为提高道岔产品的安全性能,减少缺氧环境下的维护作业量,本文调研了复杂条件下道岔的主要病害,并提出针对性整治措施。主要措施包括:通过优化道岔平面线形和尖轨结构、材质、制造工艺,延长曲线尖轨的服役寿命;通过优化辙叉结构、材料成分及制造工艺,解决心轨裂纹及剥落掉块问题;通过采用岔枕预埋铁座式扣件、加强型Ⅱ型弹条及弹性夹,提升扣件系统稳定性能;通过采用防护电务整体式岔枕,顶铁和间隔铁预留融雪加热条安装空间,避免冰雪及异物干扰电务转换系统,改善了工电接口;通过采用60AT2钢轨、辊轮装置,对台板进行减摩处理,减小了道岔扳动力;通过设置螺栓防松机构,减少了道岔维护作业量。The adaptability of key technologies such as the existing structure,fastening system,and cross section seamless track of turnouts is severely challenged by complex environments and line conditions such as high altitude,high altitude,strong ultraviolet radiation,and frozen soil.To improve the safety performance of switch products and reduce maintenance workload in high-altitude hypoxic environments,this article investigated the main diseases of switches under complex conditions and proposed targeted treatment measures.The main measures include extending the service life of curved switch rails by optimizing the plane alignment of turnouts and the structure,material,and manufacturing process of switch rails.By optimizing the frog structure,material composition,and manufacturing process,the problem of cracking and peeling off of the center rail can be solved.By using pre embedded iron seat fasteners for switch sleepers,reinforced TypeII spring bars,and elastic clips,the stability performance of the fastening system is improved.By adopting a protective electrical integral switch sleeper,reserving installation space for snow melting heating strips on the top iron and spacing iron,and avoiding interference from ice,snow,and foreign objects on the electrical conversion system,the electrical interface has been improved.By using 60AT2 rails and roller devices,the platform was subjected to anti friction treatment,reducing the switching force of the turnut.By setting up bolt anti loosening mechanisms,the workload of turnout maintenance has been reduced.

关 键 词：道岔 病害 整治措施 服役寿命 扣件稳定性 道岔电务转换 维护作业量 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]