脑卒中患者能力-机会动机-行为潜剖面特征及影响因素研究  

Study on the latent profile characteristics and influencing factors of capability-opportunity-motivationbehavior in stroke patients

作　　者：郭丽娜[1] 谢钰莹 张孟羽 周欣馨 赵鹏[2] 魏苗 程晗 李清阳 杨彩侠[1] 马珂珂 刘延锦[3] 郭园丽[1] Guo Lina;Xie Yuying;Zhang Mengyu;Zhou Xinxin;Zhao Peng;Wei Miao;Cheng Han;Li Qingyang;Yang Caixia;Ma Keke;Liu Yanjin;Guo Yuanli(Department of Neurology,National Advanced Stroke Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;School of Nursing and Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院神经内科,国家高级卒中中心,郑州450052 [2]郑州大学护理与健康学院,郑州450001 [3]郑州大学第一附属医院护理部,郑州450052

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第25期3374-3381,共8页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72204225,72274179);中国博士后科学基金(2023M733234);河南省医学科技攻关项目(LHGJ20220429,SBGJ202102076,222102310246);郑州大学第一附属医院护理科研基金(HLKY2023001)。

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中患者能力-机会-动机-行为的潜剖面类型并分析不同潜剖面的影响因素。方法于2023年1-10月, 采用分层随机抽样法选取河南省5所三级甲等医院神经内科收治的596例脑卒中患者为研究对象, 采用一般情况调查表、脑卒中防治知识问卷、社会支持评定量表、WHO生活质量简表-环境分量表、脑卒中健康信念简表、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ对其进行调查。采用潜剖面分析对脑卒中患者能力-机会-动机-行为特征进行分类, 采用多元Logistic回归分析探讨脑卒中患者能力-机会-动机-行为不同潜剖面的影响因素。结果脑卒中患者能力-机会-动机-行为存在3种潜在类别, 分别为能力-机会-动机-行为低下-健康信念较高组(32.4%, 193/596)、能力-机会-动机-行为中等-健康信念不足组(47.5%, 283/596)、能力-机会-动机-行为较高-社会支持缺乏组(20.1%, 120/596)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示, 文化程度、吸烟史、家族史、体重指数、查尔森合并症指数得分是脑卒中患者能力-机会-动机-行为不同潜剖面的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中患者能力-机会-动机-行为有着明显的特征分类, 应根据不同类别特点开展针对性干预, 以提高患者健康行为管理效果。Objective To explore the latent profile types of capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior in stroke patients and analyze the influencing factors of different latent profiles.Methods From January to October 2023,totally 596 stroke patients from the Neurology Department of five Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Henan Province were selected by stratified random sampling.The patients were surveyed using a general information questionnaire,the Stroke Prevention Knowledge Questionnaire(SPKQ),the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),the WHO's Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version(WHOQOL-BREF),the Short Form Health Belief Model Scale(SF-HBMS),and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ(HPLP Ⅱ).Latent profile analysis was used to classify the capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior characteristics of stroke patients,and multiple logistic regression was conducted to explore the influencing factors of different latent profiles.Results Three latent profiles of capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior in stroke patients were identified,including low capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior with high health beliefs(32.4%,193/596),moderate capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior with insufficient health beliefs(47.5%,283/596),and high capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior with lack of social support(20.1%,120/596).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that educational level,smoking history,family history,body mass index,and Charlson Comorbidity Index score were influencing factors of different latent profiles(P<0.05).Conclusions Stroke patients exhibit distinct classifications of capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior.Targeted interventions should be conducted based on the characteristics of each category to improve health behavior management outcomes in patients.

关 键 词：脑卒中 能力-机会-动机-行为 健康行为 潜剖面分析 影响因素 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]