热带地区雹暴的闪电活动-动力-微物理特征研究  

The characteristics of lightning activity-dynamics-microphysical in a tropical hailstorm

作　　者：李哲 张廷龙 郑栋[3] 崔学林 余海 甘志强 高涛 鲍敏 周方聪 LI Zhe;ZHANG TingLong;ZHENG Dong;CUI XueLin;YU Hai;GAN ZhiQiang;GAO Tao;BAO Min;ZHOU FangCong(Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province,Haikou 570203,China;Civil Aviation FlightUniversity of China,Guanghan Sichuan 618300,China;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Laboratory of Lightning Physics and Protection Engineering,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,Institute of Atmospheric Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,Chain)

机构地区：[1]海南省南海防灾减灾重点实验室,海口570203 [2]中国民用航空飞行学院航空气象学院,四川广汉618300 [3]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室/雷电物理和防护工程实验室,北京100081 [4]复旦大学大气与海洋科学系/大气科学研究院,上海200438

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2024年第9期3311-3326,共16页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41775011);海南省自然科学基金(422RC804,422MS151);海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室开放基金项目(SCSF202302)共同资助。

摘　　要：基于低频电场变化探测阵列三维闪电定位系统和S波段双偏振天气雷达数据, 对海南岛2021年6月24日一次雹暴过程的闪电活动和云内动力与微物理特征进行了详细的分析.结果显示: 该雹暴闪电活动以云闪为主, 占总闪的85.38%.降雹前发生的地闪以正地闪为主, 在降雹前25 min内, 正地闪频数占总地闪频数的60%, 高于一般雷暴正地闪活动比例.在雹暴成熟阶段, 上升气流出现两次增强, 而闪电频数的增加均滞后于上升气流增强的时段, 同时, 闪电频数的增加也可能与对流单体的合并有关.结合模糊逻辑判断法对云内降水粒子的识别, 计算了总闪与冰相粒子的相关系数, 其中霰和冰晶粒子与总闪相关性较高, 相关系数分别为0.76和0.83.根据闪电辐射源的空间分布特征, 推测该雹暴降雹前为反三极性电荷结构, 正电荷区位于约7~9.5 km(~-10 ℃至-25 ℃).Based on three-dimensional lightning locations system and S-band dual-polarimetric Doppler radar data, the characteristics of lightning activity-dynamics-microphysical of a hailstorm that occurred on Hainan Island on 24 June 2021 was analyzed in detail. The analysis revealed that the lightning activity of hailstorm was dominated by intracloud lightning, which accounted for 85.38% of the total lightning. The cloud-to-ground lightning (CG) that occurred before the hailstorm was dominated by positive cloud-to-ground lightning (+CG). Before 25 min of the hailfall, 60% of the CG was +CG, which higher than normal thunderstorms. In the mature stage, the updraft intensified twice, at the meanwhile, the "lightning jump" lagged the updraft intensification. In addition, the increase and decrease of lightning frequency could be related to merger and separation of convection cell. Combined with the identification of precipitation particles within the cloud by the fuzzy logic method, the correlation coefficients between the total flashes and ice-phase hydrometeors were calculated, in which the graupel and ice-crystal particles more highly correlated with the total flashes, the correlation coefficients were 0.76 and 0.83, respectively. According to the spatial distribution characteristics of lightning radiation sources, it was inferred that the charge structure of hailstorm before the hailfall was anti-tripole charge structure. The positive charge area was located about between 7 to 9.5 km (about between -10 ℃ to -25 ℃).

关 键 词：雹暴 三维闪电定位 双偏振雷达 降水粒子识别 

分 类 号：P401[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]