基于GC-MS分析不同资源姜黄挥发油成分及含量差异  

Analysis of Differences of Volatile Oil Components and Content of Turmeric from Different Resources Based on GC-MS

作　　者：刘梦婷 王清隆[1] 羊青[1] 王祝年[1,3] 晏小霞 汤欢[1] 袁浪兴[1] 王茂媛 冯世秀[4] LIU Meng-ting;WANG Qing-long;YANG Qing;WANG Zhu-nian;YAN Xiao-xia;TANG Huan;YUAN Lang-xing;WANG Mao-yuan;FENG Shi-xiu(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Identification and Evaluation Center for Tropical Agricultural Wild Plant Gene Resources,Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Engineering Research Center for Tropical Medicinal Plants,Haikou 571101,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Sanya Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572000,China;Shenzhen Fairylake Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业部热带农业野生植物基因资源鉴定评价中心/农业农村部中药材生物学与栽培重点实验室/海南省热带药用植物工程研究中心,海口571101 [2]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [3]中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚572000 [4]深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园,广东深圳518004

出　　处：《中国调味品》2024年第9期167-176,共10页China Condiment

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021001);南锋专项(NFZX2021);中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所科技成果转移转化项目(PZS2023001)。

摘　　要：为比较不同资源姜黄挥发油成分的异同,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取24批姜黄样品挥发油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分离鉴定各色谱峰的化学成分;采用聚类分析(HCA)、主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)对24批挥发油成分进行组学分析和差异代谢物筛选。结果表明,24批姜黄挥发油提取得率为0.30%~1.10%,从中共检测出63种成分,主要为姜黄酮类成分,相对含量在50%以上,其次为萜烯类物质,含量低且组成复杂。建立姜黄挥发油GC-MS指纹图谱,相似度在0.911~0.997之间,从中确认7个共有峰。HCA和PCA将其中21个样品分为A组和B组,OPLS-DA筛选出19个差异代谢物,聚类热图分析显示A组的特征性成分为姜黄酮类物质芳姜黄酮、α-姜黄酮和β-姜黄酮,B组为姜烯、β-红没药烯和β-倍半水芹烯等16种萜烯类成分。结果表明,不同产地来源的姜黄挥发油存在一定的质量差异,姜黄酮的含量与姜黄切面的颜色直接相关,含量越高,姜黄颜色越深。该研究通过对比24批不同来源的姜黄挥发油成分及其差异物质,为今后姜黄种质资源鉴定和质量评价提供了科学依据,筛选出6种挥发油和姜黄酮类成分含量均较高的优异种质,可用于指导姜黄新品种选育。To compare the similarities and differences of volatile oil components of turmeric from different resources,the volatile oils of 24 batches of turmeric samples are extracted by steam distillation method,and the chemical components of each chromatographic peak are separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)are used to analyze the components of 24 batches of volatile oils and screen the differential metabolites.The results show that the extraction rate of volatile oils of 24 batches of turmeric is 0.30%~1.10%,and 63 components are detected,mainly are turmerones,with the relative content more than 50%,followed by terpenes,with low content and complex composition.The GC-MS fingerprint of volatile oils of turmeric is established with similarity of 0.911~0.997,and seven common peaks are identified.HCA and PCA divide 21 samples into groups A and B,and 19 differential metabolites are screened by OPLS-DA.Cluster heat map analysis shows that the characteristic components of group A are turmerones such as aromatic curcumone,α-curcumone andβ-curcumone,and the characteristic components of group B are 16 terpenes such as gingerene,β-bisabolene andβ-sesquiphellandrene.The results show that the quality of volatile oils of turmeric from different places of origin is different.The content of turmeric is directly related to the color of turmeric section.The higher the content,the darker the color of turmeric.This study has provided scientific basis for the identification and quality evaluation of turmeric germplasm resources in the future by comparing 24 batches of volatile oil components of turmeric from different sources and their differential substances,and six excellent germplasm with high content of volatile oils and turmerones are selected,which could be used to guide the breeding of new varieties of turmeric.

关 键 词：姜黄 挥发油 GC-MS 组学分析 姜黄酮 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]