新疆和田河流域生态输水效益评估  

Assessment of ecological water transfer benefits in the Hotan River Basin,Xinjiang

作　　者：陈红川 郭法强 魏光辉[1] CHEN Hong-chuan;GUO Fa-qiang;WEI Guang-hui(Xinjiang Tarim River Basin Management Bureau,Korla 841000,Xinjiang;Henan Province Yu Bei Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd,Xinjiang Branch,Urumqi 830000)

机构地区：[1]新疆塔里木河流域管理局,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]河南省豫北水利勘测设计院有限公司新疆分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《地下水》2024年第4期209-211,共3页Ground water

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项(2022xjkk0103);新疆水利科技专项(XSKJ-2023-19);国家自然科学基金联合基金(U2003204)联合资助。

摘　　要：开展生态输水效益评估,对于指导水资源精细化管理与高效利用及生态精准修复具有重要指导意义。该文基于植被调查和遥感监测等数据,客观评估了和田河流域近五年来的生态输水效益,结果表明:生态输水淹灌面积达28.87万亩,影响面积38.4万亩;基于GRACE重力卫星数据计算得到地下水储量增长在20 mm以上;胡杨幼苗大量萌发,林龄结构优化,个体长势好转,植被覆盖度提升;遥感生态指数RSEI提升41.18%,生态等级状况为差的区域减少2.949万亩(12.69%),生态等级状况为优的区域增加0.02万亩(65.89%);生态输水过程中存在着监测评价体系不完善、输水靶向不精准等问题。研究成果对于指导干旱区生态输水精准化、科学化工作提供了重要指导,也为类似地区开展生态修复效益评估提供了借鉴。Carrying out an assessment of the benefits of ecological water transfer is of great significance in guiding the fine management and efficient use of water resources and precise ecological restoration.The paper objectively assessed the ecological water transfer benefits of the Hotan River Basin over the past five years based on data from vegetation surveys and remote sensing monitoring,and the results showed that:Ecological water transfers flooded and irrigated 288 700 acres,affecting 384 000 acres;Calculations based on GRACE gravity satellite data yielded an increase in groundwater storage of more than 20 mm;A large number of poplar seedlings have sprouted,the age structure of the stand has been optimized,individual growth has improved and vegetation cover has increased;The remotely sensed ecological index,RSEI,improved by 41.18%,with a decrease of 29 490 acres(12.69%) in areas with poor ecological class status and an increase of 200 acres(65.89%) in areas with excellent ecological class status;There are problems in the ecological water transfer process,such as imperfect monitoring and evaluation system and imprecise targeting of water transfer.The results of the research provide important guidance for directing the precise and scientific work of ecological water delivery in arid zones,as well as for carrying out ecological restoration benefit assessment in similar areas.

关 键 词：水资源 和田河流域 生态输水 监测评估 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]