当代西方环境民主理论的缘起、发展与反思  

The Origin,Development and Reflection of Contemporary Western Environmental Democracy Theory

作　　者：秦世达 QIN Shida

机构地区：[1]吉林大学行政学院,130012

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2024年第6期39-52,共14页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

摘　　要：环境民主理论作为环境问题与民主理论的结合分析,是环境政治理论的重要分支。面对自由民主在应对环境问题上所展现的治理局限,环境政治学者从环境问题的视角出发对自由民主的价值理念、运行机制以及依托的自由民主国家进行了相应批判。环境政治学者依据自由民主所展现的理论与实践困境,对环境民主的价值理念、实践举措以及国家角色进行了构建。总体来看,环境民主理论挑战了自由民主理论中工具性的自然理念,将自然环境带入民主的思考领域,并且环境民主理论的系列政治实践畅想为思考绿色变革提供了相应启发。然而,从消极层面来看,环境民主理论较多依赖协商民主作为其立论基础,这限制了其想象力的进一步发挥。同时,环境民主理论并没有给予环保在决策中的优先项,因而无法在政治决策中保证产生较好的环保效果。As a combination of environmental issues and democratic theory,environmental democratic theory is an important branch of environmental political theory.Faced with the governance limitations of liberal democracy in dealing with environmental problems,environmental political scholars have criticized the value concept,operating mechanism and the liberal democratic state they rely on from the perspective of environmental problems.Based on the theoretical and practical dilemmas of liberal democracy,environmental political scholars have described the value concept,practical measures and the role of the state of environmental democracy.Generally speaking,the theory of environmental democracy challenges the instrumental concept of nature in the theory of liberal democracy and brings the natural environment into the field of democratic thinking.And the series of political practice imagination of environmental democracy theory provides corresponding inspiration for thinking about green change.However,from a negative perspective,the theory of environmental democracy relies more on deliberative democracy as its argument basis,which limits its further development of imagination.At the same time,the theory of environmental democracy does not give priority to environmental protection in decision-making,so it cannot guarantee good environmental consequences in political decision-making.

关 键 词：环境政治理论 环境民主 自由民主 协商民主 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] D082[政治法律—政治学]