基于IRT的计算机化适应性测验的概念、类型及特征  

The Definition,Types,and Characteristics of IRT-based Computerized Adaptive Testing

作　　者：简小珠 张敏强[2] JIAN Xiaozhu;ZHANG Minqiang(Nanchang University,Nanchang 330036,China;South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学,南昌330036 [2]华南师范大学,广州510631

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第9期66-75,共10页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“计算机化适应性测验理论与技术”(21FJKB021)。

摘　　要：近年来,适应测验实践的需要,计算机化适应性测验(CAT)呈现多类型、多方向的发展态势。本文在总结梳理国内外相关文献基础上,讨论了基于项目反应理论(IRT)的CAT概念内涵,指出CAT的关键特征是试题难度参数与被试能力参数建立在同一量尺上;并依据概念内涵,将目前CAT多样化测验形式归纳为三个大类,包括基于IRT的认知诊断计算机化适应性测验、计算机化多阶段适应性测验、计算机化分类测验。CAT测验的三大类型各有其测量技术特点与实践应用优势,均具有良好的发展前景。In response to evolving assessment practices in recent years,computerized adaptive testing(CAT)has exhibited a diverse and multidirectional developmental trajectory.Based on a comprehensive review and summary of domestic and international literature,this paper discusses the conceptual connotation of CAT based on the item response theory(IRT),indicating the key feature of CAT is that the item difficulty parameter and the ability level parameter of the subject are set up on a common scale.According to the conceptual connotation,the current diversified CAT tests can be classified into three major types,including cognitive diagnostic computerized adaptive testing(CD-CAT),computerized multistage adaptive testing(MST),and computerized classification test(CCT).Each type has its own measurement technology feature and practical application advantage while demonstrating promising development potential.

关 键 词：计算机化适应性测验 认知诊断计算机化适应性测验 计算机化多阶段适应性测验 计算机化分类测验 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]