民国时期自费留学考试述评——以第二届自费留学考试为例  

A Review of Self-funded Study Abroad Examinations During the Republic of China Period:A Case Study of the Second Self-funded Study Abroad Examination

作　　者：李亚兰 LI Yalan(Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学,天津300387

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第9期103-110,共8页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2019年国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“民国时期大学教科书‘中国化’运动研究(1931-1949)”(COA190247)。

摘　　要：为延续和发展留学教育,并为抗战后国家建设培养人才,国民政府教育部于1946年组织了第二届自费留学考试。这是一次全国性考试,由教育部组织留学生考选指导委员会及其分区考试委员会制定章程草案,管理南京、重庆、北平、上海、西安、武汉、广州、昆明、成都九个考区的考选工作。相较于第一届自费留学生考试,第二届考试进一步规范和完善了自费留学制度,对留学教育的发展和近代考试制度的转型均产生了积极影响。然而,在国民政府党化教育大背景下,自费留学考试成为国民党统制教育的一种手段,具有一定的历史局限性。In July 1946,the Ministry of Education of the National Government organized the second examination for self-funded study abroad in order to sustain and develop education for studying abroad and thus cultivate talent for the national construction after the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.This nationwide examination was organized by the Study Abroad Selection Guidance Committee under the Ministry of Education,along with its regional examination committees,which formulated various regulations and oversaw selection processes across nine examination districts:Nanjing,Chongqing,Peking,Shanghai,Xi'an,Wuhan,Guangzhou,Kunming,and Chengdu.Compared with the first self-funded study abroad examination,the second examination further standardized and improved the self-funded study abroad system and positively impacted the development of education for studying abroad and the transformation of the modern examination system.Nevertheless,within the context of the Kuomintang's party-oriented education,the self-funded study abroad examination became a means for the Kuomintang Party's authoritarian education and had certain historical limitations.

关 键 词：自费留学考试 九大考区 统制管理 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]