2022—2023年合肥市市售花生黄曲霉毒素B_1污染状况及膳食暴露风险评估  

Contamination status and risk assessment of dietary exposure to aflatoxins B1 in peanuts on the market in Hefei City from 2022 to 2023

作　　者：李昌安[1] 张维 刘雯雯 章剑[1] LI Chang’an;ZHANG Wei;LIU Wenwen;ZHANG Jian(Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230091,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230091

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2024年第4期223-226,232,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

摘　　要：目的了解合肥市市售花生中黄曲霉毒素B_1(aflatoxins B_1,AFT B_1)污染情况,进行相应的膳食暴露和健康风险评估,为相关防控措施的制定提供参考。方法2022—2023年通过随机抽样的方式采集合肥市9个县(市、区)中的花生样品,使用同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法对样品中AFT B_1的含量进行测定;通过问卷调查的方式了解合肥市人群的坚果消费情况,以坚果消费量代替花生消费量。分析不同特征人群经花生AFT B_1暴露的情况,估算暴露限值(margin of exposure,MOE)和肝癌发病风险。结果2022—2023年共对合肥市79份花生样品开展AFT B_1检测,检出率为45.57%(36/79),超标率为13.92%(11/79)。男性、女性坚果消费量分别为(4.61±6.12)g/d和(5.21±6.44)g/d,差异无统计学意义(t=1.279,P>0.05);6~17岁、18~59岁以及≥60岁人群的坚果消费量分别为(4.90±6.28)g/d、(3.53±5.66)g/d和(3.90±6.14)g/d,差异有统计学意义(F=7.134,P<0.01)。6~17岁、18~59岁和≥60岁人群经花生的AFT B_1每日膳食暴露量分别为1.70、0.99和1.04 ng/(kg·d),MOE分别为236、403和385,引发的肝癌发病风险分别为每年0.04例/10万人、0.03例/10万人和0.03例/10万人;当严格执行AFT B_1限量标准后,MOE分别为7003、11961和11438,发病风险可分别降至每年0.0015例/10万人、0.0008例/10万人和0.0009例/10万人。结论合肥市售花生样品中AFT B_1检出率较高,建议对合肥市花生中AFT B_1污染水平开展更加全面和持续性的监测工作,并积极采取有效的控制措施,以保障居民的食品安全。Objective To understand the contamination status of aflatoxins B1(AFT B1)in the peanuts on the market in Hefei area,and conduct a dietary exposure risk and health risk assessment of AFT B1 for reference to develop relevant control measures.Methods The peanut samples were obtained across 9 counties/districts in Hefei City by random sampling method between 2022 and 2023,and subjected to determination of the concentration of AFT B1 using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Additionally,questionnaire response was made in the residents in Hefei area to understand consumption status for the nuts that represented the peanut consumption quantity.Finally,the exposure to AFT B1 through peanuts among different populations with distinct characteristics was analyzed to estimate the margin of exposure(MOE)and the risk of liver cancer development.Results AFT B1 was detected in the 79 aliquots of peanuts sampled in Hefei area between 2022 and 2023.The detection rate was 45.57%(36/79),and 13.92%(11/79)of the positive samples exceeded the China national tolerance limit.The nut consumption was(4.61±6.12)g/d for males,and(5.21±6.44)g/d for females,which had no significant difference between genders(t=1.279,P>0.05).The daily nut consumption was(4.90±6.28),(3.53±5.66)and(3.90±6.14)g/d,respectively for population aged 6-17 and 18-59 years as well as those over 60 years.The difference was significant(F=7.134,P<0.01).The estimated daily intake(EDI)was 1.70,0.99 and 1.04 ng/(kg·d),respectively for population aged 6-17,18-59 and over 60 years,the MOE was 236,403 and 385,the liver cancer risk from this exposure was 0.04,0.03 and 0.03 cancer patient per 100000 person every year.Upon restricted dietary exposure to AFT B1,the MOE was 7003,11961 and 11438,the cancer risk arising from AFT B1 intake can be decreased to 0.0015,0.0008 and 0.0009 cancer patient per 100000 persons every year,respectively for the population group aforementioned.Conclusion AFT B1 was highly detected in the peanuts on the market in Hefe

关 键 词：黄曲霉毒素B_1 花生 膳食暴露 风险评估 合肥市 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]