防雹网对‘东红’猕猴桃果实耐贮性和品质的影响  

Effects of anti-hail nets on storage performance and quality of Actinidia chinensis Planch.‘Donghong’

作　　者：傅一凡 王周倩 邱栋梁[1] 黄文俊[2] 钟彩虹[2] Fu Yifan;Wang Zhouqian;Qiu Dongliang;Huang Wenjun;Zhong Caihong(College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350002 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉430074

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2024年第4期533-542,共10页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：中国科学院科技扶贫项目(KFJ-FP-202101);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA100)。

摘　　要：以贵州省六盘水市水城区的猕猴桃品种‘东红’(Actinidia chinensis Planch.‘Donghong’)为研究对象,在同一果园地块上相邻铺设白色防雹网和绿色防雹网,以露天栽培为对照处理,从果实采收前叶片光合特性、果实采收时成熟度、采收后耐贮性和果实品质等4个方面开展比较分析。结果显示,白网和绿网处理均能有效降低外部环境光合有效辐射强度,但是绿网处理显著降低叶片的净光合速率,而白网处理和对照之间无显著差异。白网处理提高了同期采收果实的可溶性固形物,但与对照相比,防雹网处理均能轻微降低采收时的干物质,尤其是绿网处理。在1℃~2℃低温贮藏过程中,防雹网处理对果实硬度的影响较小,但是绿网处理显著增加了贮藏16周后(2.04%)和20℃货架7 d后(10.33%)的果实腐烂率。防雹网处理果实的感官评价基本上与对照处理无显著差异。不同处理之间的果实内在品质测定结果与感官评价结果基本吻合,绝大部分品质指标(可溶性固形物、总酸、固酸比、糖酸比、总酚、总黄酮、维生素C、花青素等)在3个处理之间无显著差异。与对照相比,白网处理几乎不会对‘东红’果实产生显著的负面影响,因此在必须安装防雹网设施抵御冰雹灾害的情况下,可优先选择白色防雹网。In recent years,frequent hail disasters in Liupanshui(Guizhou Province)have seriously damaged the local kiwifruit industry.This study aimed to elucidate the effects of different colored anti-hail nets on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics,fruit maturity,storage,and quality of Actinidia chinensis Planch.‘Donghong’cultivated in a commercial adult orchard in Liupanshui,providing a theoretical basis for anti-hail application and promotion.Green and white anti-hail nets were established within the same block,with adjacent uncovered vines serving as the control.Leaf photosynthetic characteristics prior to the commercial harvest of fruit,fruit maturity close to the commercial harvest window,storage performance at low temperatures,and postharvest fruit quality were compared among the three treatments.Results indicated that both anti-hail nets reduced the external photosynthetic active radiation above the canopy.However,the green antihail net significantly decreased the net photosynthetic rate of leaves,while the white anti-hail net and control treatment showed no significant differences.Both anti-hail nets slightly reduced the dry matter of fruit at harvest,particularly the green anti-hail net treatment.The white anti-hail net increased soluble solids content(SSC)of the fruit at the same harvest period.During cold storage(1℃–2℃),both treatments slightly mitigated the decline in fruit firmness within the first six weeks compared to the control,but no significant differences were observed throughout subsequent storage among the three treatments.Compared to the control,both net treatments significantly induced the rate of fruit decay after 16 weeks of cold storage and 7 d of shelflife at 20℃,with the green anti-hail net treatment showing the highest fruit rot rate(2.04%after 16 weeks of cold storage and 10.33%after 7 d of shelf-life).The control fruit exhibited better overall sensory quality,although there were no significant differences in the various sensory indices among the three treatments.In terms of

关 键 词：‘东红’猕猴桃 防雹网 光合 成熟度 贮藏 品质 

分 类 号：Q949.27[生物学—植物学]