高强韧仿生螺旋复合材料超结构设计与分析  

Design and Analysis of High Strength and Toughness Bio⁃Inspired Helicoidal Composite Metastructures

作　　者：王昕[1] 李振 季海波[1] 杨宏俊 李秉洋 王鹏飞 WANG Xin;LI Zhen;JI Haibo;YANG Hongjun;LI Bingyang;WANG Pengfei(Advanced Materials and Energy Center,China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation,Beijing 100088,P.R.China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,P.R.China;College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天科技创新研究院先进材料与能源研究中心,北京100088 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076 [3]北京大学工学院,北京100871

出　　处：《应用数学和力学》2024年第8期1106-1116,共11页Applied Mathematics and Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12402407,U22B2013);北京市科技新星项目(20230484287)。

摘　　要：随着人类航天活动的日益频繁,轨道空间环境不断恶化,提升航天器结构强度和韧性具有重要的现实意义.该文设计了具有中面对称特性的高强韧仿生螺旋复合材料超结构,开发了相应的热压制备工艺.通过准静态压痕性能测试,以荷载⁃位移曲线、峰值力、失效位移、刚度与能量吸收为关键力学指标,分别在37层与73层下对正交、准各向同性以及5°,10°,20°螺旋铺层的碳纤维增强复合材料(carbon fibre reinforced polymer,CFRP)超结构进行了性能表征,并分析了破坏模式与失效机理.研究结果表明:相较于传统铺层方法,采用对称螺旋铺层方式能够有效减小层间应力,显著提升超结构的准静态压痕性能;尤其是当螺旋角设定为10°时,超结构在峰值载荷和能量吸收方面得到了卓越的性能提升.该研究成果不仅为航天领域内高性能复合材料超结构的设计与制造提供了理论支持,同时也为其实际应用奠定了实践基础.With the increasing frequency of human space activities,the orbital space environment is deteriora⁃ting.It is of great practical significance to enhance the strength and toughness of spacecraft structures.High strength&toughness bio⁃inspired helicoidal composite metastructures with mid⁃plane symmetry characteristics were designed and a corresponding hot⁃pressing preparation process was developed.The carbon fibre reinforced polymer metastructures with cross⁃ply,quasi⁃isotropic and 5°,10°and 20°helicoidal lay⁃ups were char⁃acterized by quasi⁃static indentation performance tests,and the damage modes and the failure mechanisms were analyzed.The load⁃displacement curves,peak forces,failure displacements,stiffnesses and energy absorp⁃tions,were used as the mechanical property measures,with the thicknesses of the structures including 37 and 73 layers.The results show that,compared with the traditional lay⁃up method,the symmetric helicoidal lay⁃up can effectively reduce the interlayer stress and significantly improve the quasi⁃static indentation performances of the metastructures.Especially with a helicoidal angle of 10°,the metastructures have excellent performance en⁃hancement in terms of peak loads and energy absorptions.The research results not only provide a theoretical support for the design and fabrication of high⁃performance composite metastructures in the aerospace field,but also lay a practical foundation for their practical application.

关 键 词：碳纤维增强复合材料 仿生螺旋铺层设计 准静态压痕性能 航天器 超结构 

分 类 号：V25[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]