山区高速公路不同深度路堑的积雪堆积规律  

Snow accumulation law of cutting at different depths of mountainous expressways

作　　者：石煜 宋玲[1] 王斌 杨治纬 刘杰 SHI Yu;SONG Ling;WANG Bin;YANG Zhiwei;LIU Jie(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Xinjiang Transportation Planning,Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830006,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆交通规划勘察设计研究院有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830006

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2024年第4期221-233,共13页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51669031);交通运输行业重点科技项目(2022-ZD6-090);新疆交通运输科技项目(2022-ZD-006);新疆交投集团2021年度“揭榜挂帅”科技项目(ZKXFWCG2022060004);新疆交通设计院科技研发项目(KY2022021501)。

摘　　要：山区高速公路在风雪气象条件下极易形成较为严重的风吹雪灾害,造成雪阻和断通,其中路堑深度对路面积雪产生重要影响,但现在具有针对性的研究较少。利用大缩尺比(1∶10)的现场模型试验方法,分析了8 m深度全路堑周围的风速和积雪分布规律。使用现场模型试验结果验证数值模型,并进一步研究了不同深度全路堑、迎风半路堑和背风半路堑周围风场以及积雪沉积的形成机理。结果表明:风吹雪作用下,路堑内风速与雪深变化趋势呈负相关;全路堑以及背风半路堑的深度在小于和大于2 m时,路面积雪的主控因素分别为中央分隔带护栏和路堑边坡;迎风半路堑的深度与路面积雪堆积量之间呈正比关系,路堑边坡是影响路面积雪的主导因素,也可采用分离式路基断面形式减少路面的积雪沉积量及雪害的危害程度。研究成果可为风吹雪多发区高速公路路堑的设计和雪害防治提供有益参考。Serious wind and snow disasters are prone to form in mountainous expressways under wind and snow weather conditions,and the disasters can cause snow blockage and disconnection.The cutting depth has an important influence on the snow of the road,but now there are few targeted studies.The wind speed and snow distribution around the whole cutting at 8 m depth were analyzed by using the field model test with large scale ratio(1∶10).The numerical model was verified by field model tests,and the formation mechanism of wind field and snow deposition around the whole cutting,windward half cutting and leeward half cutting at different depths was further studied.The results show that under the action of wind blowing snow,the wind speed in the cutting is negatively correlated with the change trend of snow depth.When the depth of the whole cutting and the leeward half cutting is less than and greater than 2 m,the main controlling factors of the snow on the road surface are the guardrail of the central separation zone and the cutting slope respectively.The depth of the windward half cutting is proportional to the accumulation of snow on the road surface,the cutting slope is the dominant factor affecting the snow on the road surface,and the separated subgrade section can also be used to reduce the amount of snow deposition on the road surface and the degree of snow damage.The research results can provide useful reference for the design of expressway cutting and the prevention and control of snow damage in wind blowing snow prone areas.

关 键 词：山区高速公路 风吹雪 路堑 现场模型试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U418.56[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]