地铁钢轨焊缝不平顺的动力特性及其安全阈值  

Dynamic Characteristics and Safety Threshold of Uneven Welds in Metro Rail

作　　者：朱程 贾小平 王日艺 吴昊 赵紫亮 ZHU Cheng;JIA Xiao-ping;WANG Ri-yi;WU Hao;ZHAO Zi-liang(Techology Center of CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210031,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司技术中心,南京210031 [2]西南交通大学,轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第23期10057-10062,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金(U2268211)。

摘　　要：为研究钢轨焊缝短波不平顺对地铁车辆轮轨动力响应影响,基于高斯函数提出了一类表述焊缝短波的表达式,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论及仿真分析软件(unversal mechanism,UM),研究了新模型与传统谐波模型对地铁车辆轮轨动力特性影响,并分析了焊缝短波波长及波深对轮轨动力响应的影响,在此基础上提出了地铁焊缝短波不平顺的安全阈值。分析结果表明:与传统谐波模型相比,新模型呈现“瘦高”特性,实测不平顺介于两类模型之间,且局部区域斜率更接近新模型。车辆高速通过焊缝区时,新模型所引起的轮轨高频瞬态冲击力(P_(1))、轮重减载率、钢轨加速度及轴箱加速度比传统谐波模型更大。两类焊缝模型引起的轮重减载率随波深的加深呈现指数型增长,而随波长的增加呈反比例下降。采用轮重减载率作为评判标准比采用轮轨垂向力更为严格,当波长较小时其差别不明显,而当波长较大时轮轨垂向力作为评判准则所得波深为轮重减载率的2倍。与传统谐波模型相比,新模型所计算得波深更为严格。In order to study the influence of rail weld short wave irregularity on the dynamic response of metro vehicle wheel/rail,a kind of expression of weld short wave was proposed based on Gaussian function.Based on the vehicle track coupling dynamics theory and the simulation analysis software universal mechanics(UM),the influence of new models and traditional harmonic models on the dynamic characteristics of metro vehicle wheel/rail was studied,and the influence of weld short wave wavelength and wave depth on the dynamic response of wheel/rail was analyzed,On this basis,a safety threshold for short wave roughness of subway welding seams was proposed.The analysis results indicate that compared with the traditional harmonic model,the new model exhibits a“lean high”characteristic,with measured irregularities between the two types of models,and the slope of the local area is closer to the new model.When the vehicle passes through the weld zone at high speed,the new model causes greater high frequency transient impact force on wheel/rail(P_(1)),wheel load reduction rate,rail acceleration,and axle box acceleration than the traditional harmonic model.The wheel load reduction rate caused by the two types of weld models increases Exponential type with the deepening of wave depth,and decreases inversely with the increase of wavelength.Using the wheel load reduction rate as the evaluation criterion is more stringent than using the wheel rail vertical force.When the wavelength is small,the difference is not significant,while when the wavelength is large,the wave depth obtained by using the wheel rail vertical force as the evaluation criterion is twice the wheel load reduction rate.Compared with traditional harmonic models,the new model calculates wave depths more strictly.

关 键 词：地铁 钢轨焊缝 动力特性 车辆-轨道耦合动力学 安全限值 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]