唐宋时期肉食消费的动物考古学证据——兼论历史时期肉食消费判断标准  

Zooarchaeological Evidence of Meat Consumption During the Tang and Song Dynasties--With a Discussion on the Standard for Judging Meat Consumption of Historical Period

作　　者：邓惠[1] Deng Hui

机构地区：[1]山西大学考古文博学院

出　　处：《南方文物》2024年第3期231-241,共11页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“中国三大家禽的动物考古学初步研究”(批准号:19CKG034)的资助。

摘　　要：凡探讨古代肉食消费,此前多以“六畜”为基础。其实早至先秦,所饲“六畜”与所食“六膳”已是不同概念。本文借助重新界定的肉食消费判断标准,选取历史时期动物考古材料相对丰富的唐宋阶段,尝试探究动物实体遗存对于明确和丰富历史时期肉食消费细节的可能性。分析表明,至迟到唐宋,延续至今的猪、羊、鸡、牛加之水生动物的肉食组合基本形成,但肉食消费模式存在明显地域差异。相较于羊肉在华北区西部、北部自上而下肉食结构中的主导地位,在华北区南部、东北区尤其华中区始终都更倾向猪肉的食用。The discussion around meat consumption has been based on"Six Livestock"all along.However,there should be differences between the"Six Livestock"and the"Six Meats"since the Pre-Qin Period.On the basis of redefined standards,this paper explores the possibility of adding the details of meat consumption in the Historical Period by zooarchaeological dates of the Tang and Song Dynasties,combining historic literature.It shows that the combination of pig,sheep/goat,cattle,chicken and aquatic animals began to form since the Tang Dynasty at the latest.Still,regional disparities existed.Mutton was predominant in the north of North China while pork was preferred in Northeast,especially inCentral China.

关 键 词：唐宋 动物遗存 判断标准 肉食消费 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]