2016-2020年银川市金凤区结直肠癌早诊早治项目筛查结果分析  

Screening Results of Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Jinfeng District of Yinchuan City from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：李梅[1] 雷萍萍[1] 王芳 张银娥[1] 杜建财[1] LI Mei;LEI Pingping;WANG Fang;ZHANG Yin'e;DU Jiancai(Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心,银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2024年第7期707-711,共5页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

摘　　要：目的分析2016—2020年银川市金凤区结直肠癌早诊早治项目筛查结果,为癌症防治政策制定提供依据。方法按照国家结直肠癌早诊早治项目筛查流程,以社区/乡镇为单位,采用整群抽样在银川市金凤区选定40~74岁的辖区居民,通过问卷调查和大便潜血检测的方法筛选出结直肠癌高危人群,进一步通过结肠镜筛查发现结直肠癌早期病变,必要时通过病理检查进行确诊。结果2016—2020年,银川市金凤区共对53647名辖区居民进行了问卷调查,评估出结直肠癌高危人群14542例,高危率27.1%,且高危率存在随年龄增大而升高的趋势(χ2趋势=246.526,P<0.001)。高危人群中完成结肠镜筛查5024例,筛查依从性34.5%,筛查依从性存在随年龄增大而降低的趋势(χ2趋势=183.486,P<0.001)。筛查中发现1564例(31.1%)有异常病变,其中有1266例(80.9%)进行了病理检查,检出癌症患者232例,检出率4.6%,早诊率97.4%。结论结肠镜筛查依从性不高,应加强癌症防治知识宣教,争取将结肠镜筛查纳入医保范围。Objective To analyze the screening results of early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in Jinfeng District of Yinchuan City from 2016 to 2020,to provide a basis for the formulation of cancer prevention and control policies in Ningxia.Methods According to the screening process of national early diagnosis and early treatment projects of colorectal cancer,residents aged 40-74 in the Jinfeng District of Yinchuan city were selected through cluster sampling at the community/township level.High-risk groups of colorectal cancer were assessed through a questionnaire survey and fecal occult blood tests.Further colonoscopy screening was conducted to detect early lesions of colorectal cancer,and if necessary,pathological diagnosis was made.Results From 2016 to 2020,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 53647 residents in the Jinfeng District of Yinchuan City.A total of 14542 high-risk individuals for colorectal cancer were identified,with a high risk rate of 27.1%.The high risk rate showed an increasing trend with age(χ2trend=246.526,P<0.001).Among the high-risk population,5024 cases completed colonoscopy screening,with a screening compliance rate of 34.5%.There was a trend of decreasing screening compliance with age(χ2trend=183.486,P<0.001).During screening,1564 cases(31.1%)were found to have abnormal lesions,of which 1266 cases(80.9%)underwent pathological examination.232 cancer patients were detected,with a detection rate of 4.6%and an early diagnosis rate of 97.4%.Conclusion Colonoscopy screening compliance is not very high,and cancer prevention and treatment knowledge education should be strengthened to strive to include colonoscopy screening in medical insurance coverage.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 结肠镜 筛查 早诊早治 

分 类 号：R735.35[医药卫生—肿瘤] R735.37[医药卫生—临床医学]