NSCLC患者免疫检查点抑制剂相关性肺炎临床特点及其危险因素分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in NSCLC patients

作　　者：邱丽亮 程玖玲 王华启[1] Qiu Li-Liang;Cheng Jiu-Ling;Wang Hua-Qi(Department of Critical Care Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重医学科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2024年第8期861-867,共7页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81972182)。

摘　　要：目的探讨使用免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)治疗的非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者发生ICIs相关性肺炎(CIP)的潜在危险因素,以早期识别CIP高危患者。方法回顾性选取2020年1月-2023年6月在郑州大学第一附属医院接受ICIs治疗的728例NSCLC患者,其中CIP 47例。以47例CIP为CIP组,选取141例非CIP的NSCLC患者作为对照组。收集两组患者临床资料及第1次免疫治疗前实验室检查结果、CT影像等,应用FACT医学影像系统软件对患者CT影像进行肺气肿定量评估,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析CIP发生的危险因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估上述危险因素对NSCLC患者发生CIP的预测价值。结果47例CIP患者中,男40例(85.1%),年龄40~65岁25例(53.0%),不良事件通用分级标准(CTCAE)分级3级肺炎28例(59.6%),主要影像学分型为网格型。多因素logistic回归分析显示,白蛋白(ALB)低(OR=0.889,95%CI 0.808~0.979,P=0.017)、靶向治疗(OR=9.204,95%CI 1.678~50.486,P=0.011)、抗血管生成治疗(OR=0.056,95%CI 0.020~0.161,P<0.001)、低衰减区域百分比(LAA%)高(OR=1.227,95%CI 1.053~1.430,P=0.009)是CIP发生的独立影响因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,联合上述4个影响因素预测NSCLC患者发生CIP的ROC曲线下面积为0.888(95%CI 0.838~0.939),敏感度为0.894,特异度为0.801。结论血清ALB低、接受一线靶向治疗、LAA%高是发生CIP的独立危险因素,接受抗血管生成治疗是CIP发生的保护因素。采用上述4个变量建立的预测模型可较好地预测NSCLC患者发生CIP的风险。Objective To investigate the potential risk factors for immune checkpoint-related pneumonia(CIP)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),to identify high-risk patients with CIP at an early stage.Methods A total of 728 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to June 2023 were retrospectively selected,including 47 cases with CIP(CIP group),and 141 matched NSCLC patients without CIP(control group).Clinical data,laboratory tests,and CT images before the first immunotherapy were collected for all patients in two groups.The FACT medical imaging software was utilized for quantitative emphysema assessment in patients'CT scans.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors associated with CIP.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive value of these factors for CIP occurrence in NSCLC patients.Results Among the 47 CIP patients,40(85.1%)were male,with 25(53.0%)aged between 41 and 65 years.Grade 3 pneumonia according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE)was found in 28(59.6%)cases,characterized by a predominant reticular radiographic pattern.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a low albumin level(OR=0.889,95%CI 0.808-0.979,P=0.017),targeted therapy(OR=9.204,95%CI 1.678-50.486,P=0.011),anti-angiogenic therapy(OR=0.056,95%CI 0.020-0.161,P<0.001),and a high percentage of low attenuation area(LAA%)(OR=1.227,95%CI 1.053-1.430,P=0.009)were significant factors influencing CIP occurrence.The combined predictive model using these four factors showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.888(95%CI 0.838-0.939),with a sensitivity of 0.894 and a specificity of 0.801 for predicting CIP in NSCLC patients.Conclusions Low serum albumin,first-line targeted therapy,and high LAA%are identified as risk factors for CIP occurrence,while anti-angiogenic therapy is a protective factor.The predictive

关 键 词：非小细胞肺癌 免疫检查点抑制剂相关性肺炎 危险因素 肺气肿 

分 类 号：R734.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]