高校关键共性技术研发补贴的专利数量和质量效应  

Patent Effects of R&D Subsidies for Industrial Key Generic Technologies in Universities

作　　者：胡凯 谢芬 吕碧君 Hu Kai;Xie Fen;Lv Bijun(School of Economics,South-Central Minzu University;School of Accountancy,Hubei Business College)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学经济学院 [2]湖北商贸学院会计学院

出　　处：《宏观质量研究》2024年第4期28-42,共15页Journal of Macro-quality Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(19BJL079)的资助。

摘　　要：高校是中国产业关键共性技术研发的主力军,政府对高校的财政补贴是突破关键共性技术瓶颈的重要手段。本研究运用专利文献挖掘法识别关键共性技术专利,基于教育部直属高校面板数据,从专利数量和质量两方面来分析关键共性技术研发补贴的有效性。研究发现,政府补贴显著提升高校关键共性技术专利数量,但对专利质量没有显著影响甚至产生抑制效应。这一结论通过了多重稳健性检验。进一步分析发现,一流大学建设高校财政补贴产生的专利申请更少,但专利授权更多;具有行业背景的高校财政补贴形成的专利质量更高。为改善研发补贴的专利质量效应,要优化以市场应用为导向的补贴分配机制、构建以质量为核心的补贴考核机制。Universities are the main force for the research and development of industrial key generic technology in China,government subsidies to universities are an important means to break through the bottleneck of industrial key generic technology.This paper used panel data of 75 universities directly under the Ministry of Education.Firstly,patent literature mining was used to identify patents with key generic technology,and then did empirical test on the patent output of government subsidies both from patent quantity and patent quality.The empirical results show that government subsidies significantly increase the quantity of patents,but have no significant effect or even a suppressive effect on the quality of patents.This conclusion has been verified through multiple robustness tests.Further analysis shows that government subsidies at top universities generate fewer patent applications but more patents granted.Government subsidies at universities with industrial backgrounds generate higher quality patents.In order to improve the quality effect of R&D subsidies,it is necessary to optimize the subsidy allocation mechanism oriented towards market application and establish a subsidy evaluation mechanism with quality as the core.

关 键 词：产业关键共性技术 高校 财政补贴 专利数量 专利质量 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学]