燃气透平叶栅端壁冷却研究进展  

Research Progress on Endwall Cooling of Gas Turbine Cascades

作　　者：丰镇平[1] 刘钊 陆熠璇 张韦馨 谢晔航 丁玉强 宋宇 FENG Zhenping;LIU Zhao;LU Yixuan;ZHANG Weixin;XIE Yehang;DING Yuqiang;SONG Yu(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2024年第9期1340-1352,共13页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

基　　金：航空发动机及燃气轮机重大专项基础研究资助项目(2017-Ⅲ-0009-0035,J2019-Ⅲ-0007-0050)。

摘　　要：燃气透平叶栅端壁区域的流动呈现高度复杂的强三维特性,端壁冷却设计不仅需要考虑端壁强烈的二次流对冷却特性的影响,也需要考虑冷却布局对近端壁流动与换热特性的影响。针对燃气透平叶栅端壁冷却需求,结合数值模拟和试验测试方法,系统研究了不同冷气质量流量比条件下,离散气膜孔、泄漏流、端壁改型等措施对端壁表面气膜冷却、换热、流动及叶栅气动特性的影响。结果表明:采用合适的气膜孔射流角和布局、泄漏流冷却单元几何结构和端壁表面微尺度肋等方式可以有效提高端壁表面的气膜冷却有效度;上游槽缝及轮缘密封泄漏流可以对端壁上游及前半部分近吸力面区域提供较好的冷却保护,而叶片装配间隙泄漏流对于端壁下半部分靠近叶片吸力面区域的冷却更加有利;扇形气膜孔布置及曲线型装配间隙不仅能提高气膜冷却有效度,还可以有效控制气动损失。The flow field near the endwall of gas turbine cascade presents extremely complicated three-dimensional characteristics,and the endwall cooling design needs to consider not only the effects of the strong secondary flow of the endwall on the cooling performance,but also the effects of the cooling layout on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the proximal endwall.In view of the cooling demand for the gas turbine cascade endwall,a combination of numerical simulation and experimental test were used to systematically investigate the effects of discrete air film holes,leakage flow and endwall modification on the endwall surface film cooling,heat transfer,flow and cascade aerodynamic characteristics under different mass flow ratios.The results show that,the film cooling effectiveness of the endwall can be effectively improved by the appropriate injection angle and layout of the film holes,the geometric structure of the leakage flow cooling unit and the addition of micro-scaled ribs on the endwall surface.The leakage flow from upstream slot and rim seal can provide cooling protection for the upstream and the area near the suction surface of the upper half of the endwall,while the leakage flow from mid-passage gap will protect the rear half endwall near suction side well.The arrangement of fan-shaped air film holes and the curved assembly gap can not only improve the effectiveness of film cooling,but also effectively control the aerodynamic losses.

关 键 词：燃气透平 叶栅端壁 气膜冷却 泄漏流 端壁改型 

分 类 号：TK473[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]