3种叶面阻控剂对水稻籽粒Cd、As富集影响效果  

Effect of Three Foliar Inhibitors on Accumulation of Cd and As in Rice Grains

作　　者：姚俊帆 刘玉玲 张威宇 晏德 李南 铁柏清[1,2,3] YAO Jun-fan;LIU Yu-ling;ZHANG Wei-yu;YAN De;LI Nan;TIE Bo-qing(College of Environment and Ecology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Engineering&Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Southern Farmland Pollution Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学环境与生态学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省灌溉水源水质污染净化工程技术研究中心,长沙410128 [3]农业农村部南方产地污染防控重点实验室,长沙410128

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第9期5548-5556,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：湖南省高新技术产业科技创新引领计划项目(2020NK2001);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0801505)。

摘　　要：为探究3种叶面阻控剂单施及配施对水稻籽粒Cd、As富集的影响,以松雅早1号和五香优粤农丝苗分别为供试早、晚稻品种,采用盆栽试验方法,设置9个处理:对照(CK),单施半胱氨酸(L-Cys)、硫化钾(K2S)和磷酸氢二钾(K2HPO4),以及两种叶面阻控剂配施(L-Cys与K2S低/高浓度配施、L-Cys与K2HPO4低/高浓度配施、K2S与K2HPO4低浓度配施),研究叶面阻控剂单施及配施对水稻籽粒Cd、As富集的影响.结果表明:①叶面阻控剂单施及配施均能使水稻籽粒中Cd、As含量降低,除L-Cys与K2S/K2HPO4低浓度配施处理外,其余处理糙米Cd含量均低于安全生产标准(0.20 mg·kg^(−1));与CK相比,施加叶面阻控剂的处理使早晚稻糙米无机砷(IAs)含量分别降低4.68%~56.75%和2.84%~16.91%.②叶面阻控剂单施及配施可以促进Cd、As从茎向叶的转运,抑制Cd、As从叶向籽粒的转运,并使Cd、As固存在叶片细胞壁中,从而降低水稻籽粒中的Cd、As含量.③L-Cys与K2S高浓度配施处理降低糙米Cd、As效果最好,使早、晚稻糙米Cd含量分别降低37.64%、26.37%,且均低于0.20 mg·kg^(−1);使早稻糙米无机砷ω(IAs)降至0.10 mg·kg^(−1)(<0.20 mg·kg^(−1)).研究结果为实现重金属污染耕地农作物安全生产提供理论依据和数据支持.This study investigated the impact of single and combined applications of three foliar inhibitors on the accumulation of cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)in rice grains.Two rice varieties,Songyazao 1(for early rice)and Wuxiang Youyue(for late rice),were selected for this experiment.We established nine treatments using a pot experiment method,including a control(CK)treated with no foliar inhibitor and three individual foliar inhibitors:cysteine(L-Cys),potassium sulfide(K2S),and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate(K2HPO4).We then combined the applications of two foliar inhibitors:L-Cys with low/high concentrations of K2S,L-Cys with low/high concentrations of K2HPO4,and K2S with a low concentration of K2HPO4.The results showed that the single and combined applications of foliar inhibitors reduced Cd and As concentrations in rice grains.The Cd content in brown rice treated with L-Cys and K2S/K2HPO4 was reduced below the standard limit for food safety of 0.20 mg·kg^(−1).Compared to the CK,the content of inorganic arsenic(IAs)in early and late rice decreased by 4.68%-56.75%and 2.84%-16.91%,respectively.Foliar inhibitors applied individually or in combinations facilitated the transport of Cd and As from the stem to the leaf while inhibiting their transport from the leaf to the rice grain.This resulted in the sequestration of Cd and As within the leaf cell wall,ultimately reducing the content of these elements in rice grains.Among the combination treatments,the application of L-Cys and high-concentration K2S achieved the best results.The Cd content in early and late rice decreased by 37.64%and 26.37%,respectively,falling below 0.20 mg·kg^(−1).The IAs content in early and late rice was reduced to 0.10 mg·kg^(−1)(below 0.20 mg·kg^(−1))and 0.24 mg·kg^(−1),respectively.This study provides a valuable theoretical foundation and empirical data to support the achievement of safe rice production practices.

关 键 词：叶面阻控剂 配施 转运 镉(CD) 砷(As) 水稻 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]