巯基改性生物炭对Cd污染土壤的钝化修复及土壤微生物响应  

Stabilization of Cd-contaminated Soil with Thiol-modified Biochar and Response of Soil Microorganisms

作　　者：焦志强 葛世纪 郑文秀 柳金辉 陈铭 孔雨可 王洋洋 JIAO Zhi-qiang;GE Shi-ji;ZHENG Wen-xiu;LIU Jin-hui;CHEN Ming;KONG Yu-ke;WANG Yang-yang(National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Henan Engineering Research Center for Control&Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学环境与规划国家级教学示范中心,开封475004 [2]河南大学地理与环境学院,开封475004 [3]河南省土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心,开封475004

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第9期5570-5577,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：人因工程重点实验室开放基金项目(614222210022213);河南省科技攻关计划项目(222102110359);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(23A610013)。

摘　　要：为探究畜禽粪便生物炭对Cd污染土壤的钝化修复效果及其土壤环境效应,以牛粪生物炭(BC)和巯基改性牛粪生物炭(SBC)为钝化材料,Cd污染土壤为修复对象,利用室内土壤培养实验,研究BC及SBC对土壤理化性质、Cd生物有效性和微生物群落结构的影响,并利用结构方程模型(SEM)解析BC和SBC对土壤微生物群落的影响路径.结果表明,与CK相比,BC和SBC均提高了土壤pH值、速效钾、速效磷及有机质含量,但降低了土壤碱解氮含量.BC对土壤Cd的钝化效果较差,最高钝化效率仅为14.97%;而SBC则可显著降低土壤Cd有效态含量(P<0.05),最高钝化效率高达85.71%.此外,SBC提高了土壤中优势菌群的丰度,其中Proteobacteria、Bacteroidota及Cyanobacteria增加最为明显,但降低了土壤中微生物群落的多样性,而与BC及CK相比该降低不显著(P≥0.05).SEM分析显示,SBC处理中土壤速效磷、速效钾、有机质及pH值是影响土壤Cd有效态的关键因子,而土壤有机质及Cd有效态是影响土壤微生物群落组成的关键因素.总体而言,SBC可高效钝化土壤Cd污染并提高土壤中优势菌群的丰度,在Cd污染土壤钝化修复中具有一定的应用潜力.To explore the stabilization effect of livestock manure biochar on Cd-contaminated soil and its impact on the soil environment,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the stabilization efficiency of cattle manure-biochar(BC)and thiol-modified biochar(SBC)on Cd in soil and their effect on the soil properties and microbial community.The structural equation model(SEM)was used to analyze the effect pathways of BC and SBC on the soil microbial community.The results showed that BC and SBC increased soil pH,available potassium,available phosphorus,and organic matter content but decreased soil available nitrogen content compared with those in CK.The stabilization efficiency of BC for Cd in soil was 14.97%,which was much lower than that of SBC(85.71%).Moreover,SBC increased the abundance of dominant bacterial phyla in soil,with Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,and Cyanobacteria increasing most significantly.SBC decreased the diversity of soil microorganisms,but the decrease was insignificant(P≥0.05)compared with that in CK and BC.SEM analysis indicated that the available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter,and soil pH were the key factors influencing Cd availability in soil,whereas organic matter and Cd availability were the key factors affecting the soil microbial community.Overall,SBC could stabilize Cd effectively and increase the abundance of dominant bacteria and has great potential in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：CD污染 畜禽粪便 改性生物炭 结构方程模型 微生物响应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]