连续开展课堂博弈论实验的效果分析--基于东南大学交通学院2019—2022年15个班级的实验数据  

作　　者：金诚杰 施晓蒙 

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通学院,南京210096

出　　处：《高教学刊》2024年第28期91-96,共6页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会“基于大规模实验的高密度行人流运动机理和建模仿真”(71801036)。

摘　　要：从2019年到2022年,先后在东南大学交通学院15个不同班级开展连续多轮的博弈论实验,包括大二、大三和两个校区的研一学生。实验的基本原理是“最理性的决策是所有人选择0”,但在实际操作中多数人会做出不同的选择。统计结果表明,第1轮实验结果的平均值可以评估班级整体的思维能力和“理性程度”。在前2轮实验中,年龄越大的学生普遍结果越小,不同年份的班级结果差异很大程度上取决于生源质量,英语教学对实验结果几乎没有影响,但实验环境可能会影响结果,例如线上实验时学生可能会私下交流、产生“共谋”。另外,实验中出现一些有趣的现象,不同学生对于是否要进行第3或第4轮实验、是否要领取奖励、是否要采取“理性”的行为等话题有比较明显的分歧,值得进一步讨论。总而言之,连续多轮博弈论实验具有很好的教学互动效果,对不同背景的理工科学生群体均适用。可以有针对性地进行知识拓展,从而充分促进学生对博弈、人性、“理性”等概念的理解和认识。From 2019 to 2022,we conducted multiple rounds of game theory experiments in 15 different classes at the School of Transportation,Southeast University.The participating students included second and third-year undergraduates,as well as first-year graduate students from two different campuses.The mechanism of this experiment was"the most rational decision is that everyone chooses 0".But in practice,most people make different choices.The statistical results showed that the average results of the first round could be used to evaluate the overall thinking ability and"rationality"of the entire class.In the first two rounds,older students tended to have smaller results.The differences in results between different classes were largely influenced by the ability of the students'background.The use of English in teaching had almost no influence on the experimental results,but the experimental environment could affect the results.For example,in the online experiments,students may communicate privately and"collude".Additionally,some interesting phenomena emerged during the experiments,including the differences in opinions among students regarding whether to participate in the third or fourth round,whether to accept rewards,and whether to adopt"rational"behavior.These needs to be further discussed.In a word,conducting multiple rounds of game theory experiments is an effective teaching tool with strong interactivity.It is applicable to diverse groups of STEM students.By tailoring the knowledge expansion to meet the specific needs of each class,the students'understanding and awareness of many concepts can be significantly enhanced,including games,human behavior and"rationality".

关 键 词：博弈论 课堂实验 理性 人性 实验环境 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]