中国有效参与北极规则塑造的“低政治性”话语权场域与路径研究  

A Study on the“Low Politics”Discourse Power Field and Path of China's Effective Participation in the Shaping of Arctic Rules

作　　者：苗文卿 MIAO Wenqing(China University of Political Science and Law;Leiden University)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088 [2]莱顿大学

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2024年第4期63-81,共19页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

基　　金：国家社科专项基金“‘一带一路’国际合作框架机制设计”(项目批准号:18VSJ050);2023年国家留学基金委创新型人才国际合作培养项目(项目批准号:202307070075)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：依据场域理论,北极规则塑造难题反映的是北极的利益分野、叙事身份的“自我—他者”对抗以及新规构建的复杂性。我国应当将目光转向法律性强的“低政治性”议题,寻求构筑新的话语场域。目前,北极“低政治性”领域的规则塑造的不足包括:区域与多边治理的区隔与排斥、制度性全球公共产品供给缺陷、区域内外规则的非融合性与不协调性、“高政治性”规则传导影响“低政治性”规则等。中国应当构建新型的“冰上丝绸之路”话语场域,在不同规则塑造环境中分述“自我”身份,包括以合作者身份促进规则多边化转移、以主导者身份推动通用性规则移植,以主要提供者身份供给全球公共产品,倡导非北极国家优惠条款,以及善意解释“高政治性”规则等。Based on the Field Theory,the dilemma of shaping Arctic rules reflects the division of interests in the Arctic,the“self-other”confrontation of narrative identity,and the complexity of structuring new rules.China'should turn our eyes to the“low political”field to seek a new discourse field.In the Arctic region,the existing“low political”rule system has a crisis of effectiveness in the interaction between regional and multilateral governance,insufficient supply of global public goods,ignorance of the rule integration designed within and outside the Arctic and interference of“high political”norms with“low political”norms.China'should construct a new discourse field based on the“Polar Silk Road”.China's status of“self”should be analyzed in different environments of rule shaping,including promoting the multilateralization of rules as a cooperator,promoting the transplantation of general rules as a leader,providing global public goods as a major provider,advocating preferential terms for non-Arctic countries,and interpreting“highly political”rules in good faith.

关 键 词：场域理论 低政治性 规则塑造 全球公共产品 冰上丝绸之路 

分 类 号：D822.3[政治法律—政治学] D815[政治法律—外交学] D99