基于COMSOL仿真的脉冲电流激励下电动汽车动力电池热特性研究  

Research on Thermal Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Power Battery Under Pulse Current Excitation Based on COMSOL Simulation

作　　者：安超 赵丁 雷治国[1] AN Chao;ZHAO Ding;LEI Zhiguo(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学,福州350108

出　　处：《机电技术》2024年第4期31-36,98,共7页Mechanical & Electrical Technology

基　　金：福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(KFB23164)。

摘　　要：随着电动汽车的快速发展,锂离子电池作为电动汽车主要动力来源,其综合性能受到越来越多的关注。而在低温环境下动力电池性能衰减严重,影响电动汽车在北方寒冷地区的发展和普及。低温预热技术作为电池热管理系统的核心技术之一,可以有效缓解动力电池在低温环境下的性能衰减。文章通过试验得到电池的基本参数,基于COMSOL仿真软件搭建了电池脉冲加热模型,探究电池在加热过程中温升速率的变化以及模组温度分布情况。研究结果表明:在低温环境下,脉冲加热可以有效提高电池的温度。在加热过程中,电池模组内温度分布均匀,平均温差为0.55℃,整体呈现出温度向电池模组中心聚集的趋势。此外,还将脉冲电流加热与电加热膜加热的加热效果作了对比,验证了脉冲加热的加热效果和温度一致性都优于电加热膜加热法。With the rapid development of electric vehicles(EVs),the comprehensive performance of lithium-ion batteries,as the main power source of EVs,has received more and more attention.However,the performance of power batteries in low temperature environment is seriously degraded,which affects the development and popularisation of electric vehicles in the northern cold regions.As one of the core technologies of the battery thermal management system,low-temperature preheating technology can effectively alleviate the performance degradation of power batteries in low-temperature environments.In this paper,the basic parameters of the battery were obtained through experiments,and the pulse heating model of the battery was built based on the COMSOL simulation software to explore the change of the temperature rise rate of the battery during the heating process and the temperature distribution of the module.The results show that pulse heating can effectively increase the temperature of the battery at low temperature.During the heating process,the temperature distribution in the battery module is uniform,the average temperature difference is 0.55℃,and the temperature tends to gather to the center of the battery module.In addition,the heating effect of pulse current heating is compared with that of electric heating film heating,and it is verified that the heating effect and temperature consistency of pulse heating are better than that of electric heating film heating.

关 键 词：电池模组 脉冲加热 温度一致性 COMSOL仿真 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]