9份野豌豆属牧草花粉粒的形态特征  

Morphological Characteristics of Pollen Grains in Nine Vicia Forages

作　　者：刘爱林 侯燕红 杨文 何承刚[1] 黄鹤平 姜华[1] LIU Ailin;HOU Yanhong;YANG Wen;HE Chenggang;HUANG Heping;JIANG Hua(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Forage and Feed Station of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省饲草饲料工作站,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期141-148,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才项目(XDYC-CYCX-2022-0036);洱源县饲草产业科技特派团(202304BI090008);云南省基础研究重大项目(202401BC07001);云南省作物野生近缘种现代组学重点实验室开放课题(CWR-2024-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示9份野豌豆属(Vicia)牧草花粉粒的形态特征,为该属植物的分类提供重要的形态学依据。【方法】采用扫描电镜对9份野豌豆属牧草的花粉粒形态进行观察。【结果】9份野豌豆属牧草的花粉均为单粒花粉,形状均为扁球形,赤道面观均为扁圆形,极面观呈三裂圆形或三角形,萌发孔均为三孔萌发沟,外壁纹饰为网状纹饰或脑状纹饰。9份野豌豆属牧草花粉粒形态性状的变异系数为0.00%~34.40%,遗传多样性指数为0.00~1.68,形态特征具有丰富的遗传多态性。【结论】根据花粉粒形态推测:野豌豆、兰花苕子和箭筈豌豆进化程度较原始,而四籽野豌豆、光叶紫花苕和毛叶苕子进化程度较高。[Purpose]To reveal the morphological characteristics of pollen grains in nine Vicia forages,providing an important morphological basis for the classification of plants in this genus.[Methods]The morphology of pollen grains from nine Vicia forages was observed by scanning electron microscope.[Results]All the pollens from nine Vicia forages were single-grained,all of which were flat spherical in shape,the equatorial view was oblateness,the polar view was three-lobed circles or triangles,the germination pores were all three-channel,and the ornamentation was reticulate or brain-like.The variation coefficient of pollen grains morphological characteristics of the nine Vicia forages ranged from 0.00%to 34.40%,and the genetic diversity index ranged from 0.00 to 1.68.These morphological characteristics displayed rich genetic polymorphism.[Conclusion]Based on pollen grain morphology,the evolution of V.multijuga(Boiss.)Rech.f.,V.cracca L.and V.sativa L.is relatively primitive,while the evolution of V.tetrasperma(L.)Schreb.,V.villosa Roth and V.villosa Roth(hairy vetch)was relatively advanced.

关 键 词：野豌豆属 花粉粒形态 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S542.301[农业科学—作物学]