真实驾驶过程驾驶人分心特性个体差异  

Individual Differences of Driver Distraction Characteristics during Real Driving

作　　者：王畅[1] 牛津 马万良 张岩 WANG Chang;NIU Jin;MA Wan-liang;ZHANG Yan(School of Automobile,Changan University,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710061

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第24期10538-10544,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1600500);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102223501);陕西省重点研发计划(2023-YBGY-035)。

摘　　要：为了探究驾驶人执行次任务时视觉分心特性的个体差异,搭建实车试验平台,采集30名被试在执行次任务时的视觉分心数据。选取视觉分心总时长、视觉分心次数、平均视觉分心时长与最长视觉分心时长共4项指标对采集数据开展特性分析,并采用谱聚类算法将驾驶人分心风格聚类为谨慎型、正常型与激进型。结果表明:次任务复杂度增大使视觉分心总时长、视觉分心次数、最长视觉分心时长显著增加;车速的增加使视觉分心总时长、平均视觉分心时长、最长视觉分心时长显著减小,且对视觉分心总时长与平均视觉分心时长的影响会随次任务复杂度增加而更为显著;3种分心风格驾驶人视觉分心特性存在显著差异,在执行次任务时,谨慎型与激进型驾驶人分别倾向于多次短时与少次长时的操作模式。To explore the individual differences in visual distraction characteristics when drivers perform secondary tasks,a real-car experimental platform was constructed,and visual distraction data were collected from 30 participants.Four indicators,including total duration of visual distraction,number of visual distractions,average duration of a single visual distraction,and maximum duration of a single visual distraction,were selected for characteristic analysis of the collected data.The spectral clustering algorithm was employed to cluster driversdistraction styles into cautious,normal,and aggressive types.The results indicate that increased complexity of secondary tasks significantly increases total duration,number of visual distractions,and maximum duration of a single visual distraction.Increased vehicle speed significantly decreases total duration of visual distraction,average duration of a single visual distraction,and maximum duration of a single visual distraction,with the impact on total duration of visual distraction and average duration of a single visual distraction becoming more pronounced with increased task complexity.Significant differences are found in visual distraction characteristics among the three distraction styles of drivers,with cautious and aggressive drivers tending towards multiple short-duration and fewer long-duration operation modes,respectively,during secondary task execution.

关 键 词：视觉分心 分心风格 谱聚类 汽车安全 

分 类 号：U467.91[机械工程—车辆工程]