基于声品质的动车组牵引电机噪声管控方法研究  

A study on noise control methods for high-speed train traction motorsbased on sound quality

作　　者：刘永江 彭宣霖 陈科 王文韬 LIU Yongjiang;PENG Xuanlin;CHEN Ke;WANG Wentao(CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《机车电传动》2024年第4期17-25,共9页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4300100);中国城市轨道交通协会重大科研专项(CAMET-KY-2022110)。

摘　　要：针对动车组乘客对舒适度日益增长的要求,文章开展了牵引电机电磁噪声的管控方法与标准研究。首先解析了变流器供电下的牵引电机声源噪声特性,并从声品质角度出发分析了高速动车组内的噪声特性,明确了电机噪声管控的方向;然后结合车体隔声特性和声源特性,提出了具体的电机声源管控目标,包括声压级和三分之一倍频程差值两个方面;最后,通过具体案例实践,验证了所提噪声管控方法的有效性,实现在满足车内噪声幅值要求的前提下,乘客主观听感体验显著提升。本研究不仅为高速动车组电磁噪声管控提供了有效手段,而且为轨道交通乘坐舒适度的提升提供了重要参考。In response to the increasing demands for passenger comfort on high-speed trains,this paper investigates control methods and standards for electromagnetic noise generated by traction motors.The initial analysis examined the noise characteristics of traction motor sources under the power supply by converters,as well as those inside high-speed trains from the perspective of sound quality.This effort identified key areas for motor noise control.Subsequently,by combining the sound insulation properties of car bodies and the characteristics of sound sources,specific noise control targets were established for motor sources,including two aspects:sound pressure levels(SPL)and differences in one-third octave bands.Furthermore,the effectiveness of the proposed noise control methods was verified through practical applications in specific cases.These methods have significantly improved the subjective listening experience of passengers,while meeting the requirements for interior noise levels of car bodies.The study outcomes not only provide effective means for electromagnetic noise control in high-speed trains but also serve as an important reference for improving the operational comfort of rail transit.

关 键 词：牵引系统 电磁噪声 噪声管控 声品质 高速动车组 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程] U292.914[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]