钙磷化合物的制备及其在宽范围pH条件下高效去除铀的研究  

Efficient Removal of U(VI)Across a Wide pH Range by Calcium Phosphates

作　　者：夏传金 刘雨欣 朱余玲[1] XIA Chuanjin;LIU Yuxin;ZHU Yuling(School of Life and Environmental Sciences,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命与环境科学学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2024年第8期79-85,共7页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“趋磁细菌矿化含铁体系中U(VI)的生物化学微观机制研究”(22076124)。

摘　　要：吸附是一种快速高效地从废水中去除铀(U(VI))的方法。然而,目前已报道的吸附剂一般在较窄的pH范围内对U(VI)表现出较好的吸附性能,限制了吸附剂的实际应用。利用农业废弃物蚌壳粉合成一种层状的钙磷(CaP-1)吸附剂,经鉴定其主要成分为Ca(H_(2)PO_(4))_(2)·H_(2)O。该材料在较宽pH范围内(3.0~7.0)对U(VI)均表现出良好的去除效果,对U(VI)的吸附量可以达到1702.48~2058.71 mg·g^(-1),超过了众多昂贵的吸附剂。动力学研究表明CaP-1主要通过化学吸附将U(VI)从水中去除。机理研究表明CaP-1中的H_(2)PO_(4)^(-)可以调节溶液pH,促进沉淀物Ca(UO)_(2)(PO_(4))·6H_(2)O的生成。本研究为U(VI)的去除提供了一种价廉、高效且使用范围广的吸附剂。The utilization of adsorbents for the rapid and highly effective removal of uranium from wastewater is a promising method.However,the currently reported adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capabilities but have limited suitability within specific pH ranges.In this study,a layered CaP-1 adsorbent was synthesized from agricultural waste oyster shell powder,and its main component was identified as Ca(H_(2)PO_(4))2·H_(2)O.CaP-1 showed excellent removal efficiency for U(VI)over a wide pH range(3.0~7.0),with an adsorption capacity ranging from 1702.48 to 2058.71 mg·g^(-1),exceeding that of many expensive adsorbents.Kinetic studies revealed that CaP-1 primarily removes U(VI)from water through chemical adsorption.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the H_(2)PO_(4)^(-)in CaP-1 can regulate the solution pH,facilitating the formation of the precipitate Ca(UO)_(2)(PO_(4))·6H_(2)O.This study provides a cost-effective,efficient,and versatile adsorbent for the removal of U(VI).

关 键 词：U(VI) 吸附 钙磷化合物 PH 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]