东部近海海产品中有机磷和敌草隆农药的残留特征与健康风险评估  

Residue Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Organophosphorus and Diuron in Seafood Along the Eastern Coast of China

作　　者：解满俊 董欣悦 李梦娜 尹杰[2] 李娟英[2,3] XIE Manjun;DONG Xinyue;LI Mengna;YIN Jie;LI Juanying(Shanghai Haibin Wastewater Treatment Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201302,China;College of Oceanography and Ecological Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of River and Lake Biochain Construction and Resource Utilization,Shanghai 201702,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海滨污水处理有限公司,上海201302 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学与生态环境学院,上海201306 [3]上海河湖生物链构建与资源化利用工程技术研究中心,上海201702

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第9期2054-2063,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会项目(No.22dz1202602);自然资源部海洋生态监测与修复技术重点实验室项目(No.MEMRT202304)。

摘　　要：为深入了解我国东部近海海产品中有机磷农药(OPPs)和敌草隆农药的残留特征和健康风险,对来自中国东部近海海域的典型海产品进行了抽样调查,采用气相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱仪(GC-MS/MS)和高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱仪(LC-MS/MS)对海产品体内OPPs和敌草隆含量进行测定和分析。结果表明:①8种OPPs总残留浓度为47~6638 ng/g(以干质量计),平均值为707 ng/g;敌草隆浓度范围为nd(未检出)~3.3 ng/g,平均值为0.49 ng/g。与甲壳类和鱼类相比,OPPs和敌草隆更易蓄积在以滤食底层悬浮物为食的软体动物体内。②空间分布上,OPPs在不同采样点海产品体内的残留浓度差异显著,敌草隆在舟山海域海产品体内残留浓度相对较高。③除连云港市海域软体动物缢蛏总风险指数(HI)值为1.1外,其余海产品中9种农药残留产生的HI值均小于1,健康风险相对较低,处于可接受水平。三唑磷和喹硫磷在螠蛏和大黄鱼的体内残留量相对较高,应进一步重点关注。研究显示,东部近海海产品中,儿童摄入软体动物类的风险尤为突出。因此,建议东部沿海居民,特别是儿童群体,应控制高风险海产品的摄入量以保障健康安全。Typical seafood from the eastern coast of China was sampled and analyzed using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS)and high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)to determine the residue characteristics and health risks of organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs)and diuron pesticides.The results showed that the total content of 8 OPPs and diuron in seafood ranged from 47 to 6638 ng/g(on a dry weight basis,the same below)(average:707 ng/g)and nd-3.3 ng/g(average:0.49 ng/g)respectively.Mollusks that habitat in sediment are more likely to accumulate both OPPs and diuron than crustaceans and fish.In terms of spatial distribution,the residues of various types of OPPs in seafood from different sites were significantly different.Among them,diuron had relatively high residues in seafood from the Zhoushan sea area.Except for the total risk index(HI)value of 1.1 for the mollusk(razor clams)in the Lianyungang sea area,the HI values for the residues of nine pesticides in the rest of the seafood were all less than 1.The health risks were relatively low and at an acceptable level.Triazophos and quintozene had relatively high health risks to organisms such as razor clams and large yellow croaker,and warrant further attention.The study indicates that among the seafood from the eastern China coast,children are particularly at high risk from molluscan seafood.Therefore,it is recommended that residents,especially children,along the eastern coast should control their consumption of high-risk seafood in order to ensure health and safety.

关 键 词：有机磷农药 敌草隆农药 海产品 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]