灭菌乳中枯草芽孢杆菌危害与控制研究进展  

Research Progress on the Hazards and Control of Bacillus subtilis in Sterilized Milk

作　　者：赵瑾德 张淑丽 贺凯茹 陈晓民 刘玉茹 张艳良 乌日娜[1] 张德喜 武俊瑞[1] ZHAO Jinde;ZHANG Shuli;HE Kairu;CHEN Xiaomin;LIU Yuru;ZHANG Yanliang;WU Rina;ZHANG Dexi;WU Junrui(Shenyang Key Laboratory of Microbial Fermentation Technology Innovation,Liaoning Food Fermentation Technology Engineering Research Center,College of Food Science,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Mengniu Dairy(Shenyang)Co.Ltd.,Shenyang 100122,China;Mengniu Dairy(Shangzhi)Co.Ltd.,Shangzhi 150600,China;Mengniu Dairy(Qiqihar)Co.Ltd.,Qiqihar 161000,China;Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy(Group)Co.Ltd.,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁省食品发酵技术工程研究中心,沈阳市微生物发酵技术创新重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]蒙牛乳业(沈阳)有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳100122 [3]蒙牛乳业(尚志)有限责任公司,黑龙江尚志150600 [4]蒙牛乳业(齐齐哈尔)有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [5]内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《乳业科学与技术》2024年第4期59-65,共7页JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

摘　　要：巴氏杀菌及超高温处理可以杀死牛乳中的大部分微生物,但由于一些细菌可以抵抗这2种处理,如枯草芽孢杆菌,因此即使在最严格的热处理中,这种应用于乳制品行业消除病原微生物的工艺也不能完全灭活所有微生物。此外,高度耐热的孢子也可以在超高温处理中存活,这使得灭菌乳也可能受到污染,并导致牛乳和乳制品贮藏过程中的细菌变质。本文综述灭菌乳中枯草芽孢杆菌及其孢子、腐败酶和生物膜对灭菌乳的危害和相应的控制措施,为灭菌乳中枯草芽孢杆菌的防控和乳及乳制品品质保障提供策略。Pasteurization and ultra-high temperature treatment can kill most microorganisms in milk.However,since some bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis can resist pasteurization and ultra-high temperature treatments,even the most stringent heat treatments used to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in the dairy industry cannot completely inactivate all microorganisms.In addition,highly heat-resistant spores can survive ultra-high temperature processing,so sterilized milk may be contaminated,causing bacterial spoilage in milk and dairy products during storage.In this review,the harms of Bacillus subtilis and its spores,spoilage-causing enzymes and biofilm to sterilized milk and the control measures for them are summarized so as to provide strategies for the prevention and control of Bacillus subtilis in sterilized milk and the quality assurance of milk and dairy products.

关 键 词：灭菌乳 枯草芽孢杆菌 耐热酶 生物膜 耐热孢子 控制措施 

分 类 号：TS252.26[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]