研究生教育规模扩张对乡村振兴的影响:空间溢出和门槛效应  

Impact of the Expansion of Graduate Education on Rural Revitalization:Spatial Spillovers and Threshold Effects

作　　者：刘莉莉 李庆豪 张枫 LIU Lili;LI Qinghao;ZHANG Feng

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2024年第5期59-70,共12页University Education Science

基　　金：华东师范大学教育学部科研基金项目“研究生教育赋能乡村振兴”(ECNUFOE2024KY098)。

摘　　要：研究生教育赋能乡村振兴,是新时代赋予研究生教育的使命,也是实现农业农村现代化的应有之义。基于我国31个省份2011—2020年的面板数据构建乡村振兴指数,并运用固定效应模型、空间计量模型和面板门槛模型,实证考察研究生教育规模扩张对乡村振兴的影响,结果发现:我国研究生教育规模扩张对乡村振兴有显著的促进作用,这一结果在稳健性检验和内生性处理后仍然成立;研究生教育规模扩张能够突破空间限制产生辐散效应,对相邻地区乡村振兴呈现正向空间溢出效应;随着研究生教育规模逐步跨越两道“门槛”,其对乡村振兴的赋能作用呈现出“边际递减后回弹”特征;研究生教育规模扩张助推乡村振兴存在显著的多维异质性,主要体现在乡村振兴子维度、研究生学历层次和地区受教育水平三方面。基于此,建议从因地制宜扩大研究生规模、强化研究生人力资本“转移支付”并开展乡村数字画像等方面为乡村振兴事业提质增效。Postgraduate education empowers rural revitalization,which is the mission of postgraduate education in the new era.It also means solving the problems of agriculture,rural areas,and farmers and realizing agricultural and rural modernization.The rural revitalization index was constructed based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2011 to 2020,and the fixed effects model,spatial econometric model,and panel threshold model were used to empirically examine the impact of the expansion of the postgraduate education scale on rural revitalization.The results show that the expansion of postgraduate education in China significantly promotes rural revitalization.This result still holds after robustness testing and endogeneity treatment;the spatial effect shows that expanding postgraduate education can break through spatial constraints and produce a divergent effect,showing a significant positive spatial spillover effect on rural revitalization in surrounding areas.The threshold effect shows a non-monotonic and non-linear relationship between the scale of graduate education and rural revitalization.That is,as the scale of graduate education gradually crosses two thresholds,its empowering effect on rural revitalization shows the characteristics of marginal decline followed by rebound.The expansion of the postgraduate education scale promotes rural revitalization with significant multidimensional heterogeneity,mainly reflected in the sub-dimensions of rural revitalization,postgraduate academic level,and regional education level.Based on this,it is recommended to improve the quality and efficiency of rural revitalization by exploring the long-term training mechanism of industry-education integration,comprehensively carrying out rural digital imaging,expanding the scale of postgraduate education according to local conditions,and accelerating the layout of emerging agriculture-related majors.

关 键 词：研究生教育规模 乡村振兴 空间溢出效应 多维异质性 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]