高校优绩主义科研评价的逻辑基础、伦理风险与价值选择  

Logical Foundation,Ethical Risks,and Value Response of Meritocracy Research Evaluation in Universities

作　　者：柴楠[1] 吕寿伟[1] CHAI Nan;LV Shouwei

机构地区：[1]江苏大学教师教育学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2024年第5期80-89,共10页University Education Science

基　　金：江苏省教育科学规划课题重点项目“教育学习化背景下‘教’‘学’关系的目的论重构研究”(B/2023/01/34);江苏大学高级技术人才科研启动基金项目“伦理型教师的培育与师生交往范式的现代转型”(13JDG122)。

摘　　要：优绩主义科研评价始终包含着对个人努力和奋斗的鼓励,在优绩至上的制度氛围里,所有人都沉浸在依靠自身既有能力和持续努力来改变当下现状的“积极生活”当中。优绩主义科研评价通过唯才是举的正义承诺、最大效益的效率承诺和成功人生的价值承诺成为支配性的科研评价制度。然而,赋予优绩主义科研评价正当性的根据,同时也成为其问题的根源。科研目的上的功利主义、生存方式上的竞争主义,以及学术文化上的等级主义令优绩主义科研评价无法兑现其原初的承诺,它导致科研与学术的日渐疏离,使科研活动沦为“输赢”游戏,更使学者群体出现等级分化。优绩主义科研评价遵从的是市场的逻辑,而非学术的逻辑。走出优绩主义困境,首先要通过超越技术化的管理主义,完成大学学术文化的回归;其次要通过摈弃畸形的成功主义伦理学,实现学者学术精神的回归;最后要通过打破优绩至上的评价原则,实现学术本体价值的回归。Meritocracy research evaluation always encourages individual efforts and struggles.In the research atmosphere of meritocracy,everyone is immersed in the active life of changing the current status by relying on their ability and continuous efforts.Meritocratic scientific research evaluation has become the dominant scientific research evaluation system through the promise of justice of meritocracy,efficiency of maximum benefit,and the value promise of a successful life.However,the basis for the legitimacy of meritocracy scientific research evaluation has also become the root of its problems.Utilitarianism in the purpose of scientific research,competition in the way of existence,and hierarchy in academic culture make meritocracy scientific research evaluation unable to fulfill its original promise.It alienates scientific research from academia,reduces scientific research activities to a"win-lose"game,and even causes hierarchical differentiation among scholars.Meritocracy scientific research evaluation follows the logic of the market,not the logic of academia.To get out of the dilemma of meritocracy,on the one hand,there is a need to return to the academic culture of universities by transcending technical managerialism,and on the other hand,it is necessary to return to the academic spirit of scholars by abandoning the deformed success ethics,and finally,by breaking the evaluation principle of meritocracy,it can return to the value of academic ontology.

关 键 词：优绩主义 高校科研评价 机会均等 管理主义 

分 类 号：G40-1[文化科学—教育学原理]