饲料中添加褐藻寡糖、红藻寡糖对虹鳟生长性能、肌肉营养成分及血清免疫功能的影响  

Effects on Dietary Supplementation of Algal Oligosaccharides or Red Algal Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance,Muscle Nutrient Composition and Serum Immune Function of Oncorhynchus mykiss

作　　者：汤伟 王祺 李佳欣 张军 吴春光 何增国 TANG Wei;WANG Qi;LI Jia-Xin;ZHANG Jun;WU Chun-Guang;HE Zeng-Guo(School of Medicine and Pharmacy,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Marine Microbiology Engineering Research and Development Center,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Limited Company,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学医药学院,青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋生物医药研究院海洋微生物工程研发中心,青岛266100 [3]青岛百奥安泰生物科技有限公司,青岛266100

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第9期2100-2111,共12页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：广东省重点领域科技计划项目(2020B0202010001);泰山产业领军人才工程专项(tscy202006017)。

摘　　要：褐藻寡糖和红藻寡糖作为功能性海洋寡糖,具有多种生物学活性。为探究两者在水产养殖中的作用,本研究以虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)为实验对象,探究饲料中添加褐藻寡糖、红藻寡糖对虹鳟的生长性能、肌肉营养成分和血清免疫功能的影响。实验分为5组:对照组为基础饲料组,实验组在基础饲料中分别添加0.25%、0.5%的褐藻寡糖或红藻寡糖。试验周期37 d。结果表明,添加0.25%的褐藻寡糖对虹鳟的质量增加率和特定生长率作用显著(P<0.05)。在营养方面,两者均能显著提高虹鳟肌肉中粗脂肪含量、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量(P<0.05),且高剂量组要优于低剂量组;两者均能提高不饱和脂肪酸含量,且添加量为0.5%时极显著增加了鱼肉中二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)的含量(P<0.01)。在免疫方面,两者均能提高虹鳟血清中溶菌酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性及总抗氧化能力,高剂量组普遍优于低剂量组。本研究表明,饲料中添加褐藻寡糖或红藻寡糖对虹鳟具有一定的促生长作用,有助于鱼肉营养和风味品质的提升,并且能提高虹鳟的免疫力和抗病能力,在水产饲料添加方面具有潜在的应用价值。As functional marine oligosaccharides,algae oligosaccharides(AOS)and red algae oligosaccharides(ROS)had a variety of biological activities,they gradually showed excellent characteristics and potential.In this study,to explore the role of marine functional oligosaccharides in aquaculture,the growth performance,muscle nutrient composition and serum immunity function of Oncorhynchus mykiss were investigated by adding AOS or ROS in diets.The experiment was divided into 5 groups:The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental groups were supplemented with either 0.25%or 0.5%AOS or ROS in the basic feed,respectively.The experimental period was 37 d.The results showed that 0.25%of AOS had significant effects on the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate of O.mykiss(P<0.05).In terms of nutrition,both oligosaccharides could significantly increase the content of crude lipid,essential amino acids and flavor amino acids in back muscle(P<0.05),and the high-dose group was superior to the low-dose group.At the same time,the content of unsaturated fat acid was increased,and the content of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)were significantly increased when the addition amount was 0.5%(P<0.01).In terms of immune function,both could improve the activities of lysozyme,acid phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase,superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity in the serum of O.mykiss,the high-dose group was generally outperforming the low-dose group.This study indicated that feeding AOS or ROS to O.mykiss had a promoting effect on growth,which is helpful in improving the nutritional and flavor quality of fish meat.It also improved the immunity and disease resistance of O.mykiss,and has potential applications value in the addition of aquatic feed.

关 键 词：褐藻寡糖(AOS) 红藻寡糖(ROS) 生长性能 营养成分 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]