谓词级差推断现象及其内在机制研究  

Research on the Phenomenon of Predicates Scalar Inferences and its Intrinsic Mechanisms

作　　者：张鑫 彭家法[1] ZHANG Xin;PENG Jiafa(School of Liberal Arts,Anhui University,Anhui Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《皖西学院学报》2024年第4期124-130,共7页Journal of West Anhui University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(23BYY024)。

摘　　要：级差指数量之间存在由于相互比较导致的蕴涵关系,这种蕴涵关系导致了谓词的级差推断。谓词级差推断具有方向性,可分为向下级差推断和向上级差推断。谓词级差推断需要谓词与数量共现,并且向上级差推断还要求不能与时体标记共现。级差推断方向与量化成分的θ角色存在一定相关性,相关性分析发现右侧向下级差谓词和双向级差谓词具有θ角色相关性,而双侧向下级差谓词不具有θ角色相关性。谓词词汇语义是两种级差推断方向的内在机制,谓词表现出分配性语义会导致向下级差推断,表现出集合性语义会导致向上级差推断。Scalar refers to the implication relationship between quantities due to mutual comparison,which leads to the scalar inferences of predicates.The scalar inference of predicates is directional and can be divided into downward scalar inference and upward scalar inference.The scalar inference of predicates requires the co-occurrence of predicates and quantities,and the upward scalar inference also requires that it cannot co-occur with temporal markers.The scalar inference direction of predicates is related to the theta role of the quantitative components,and its correlation is mainly reflected in the right side downward scalar predicates and the bidirectional scalar predicates,while the double sides downward scalar predicates does not have the theta role correlation.The lexical semantics of predicates are the intrinsic mechanisms of two kinds of scalar inference directions.A predicate representing distribution leads to a downward scalar inference,and a predicate representing aggregation leads to an upward scalar inference.

关 键 词：谓词 级差推断 量化成分 θ角色 词汇语义 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]