哈尔滨市南岗区学龄儿童2020~2023年口腔健康抽样调查  

Oral health sampling survey of school-age children during 2020~2023 in Nangang District,Harbin City

作　　者：吴菲 张磊[1] 张晓丹[1] 任秀秀 于泽钦 WU Fei;ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Xiao-dan;REN Xiu-xiu;YU Ze-qin(Department of Oral Health and Prevention,The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院口腔预防保健科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《哈尔滨医科大学学报》2024年第3期275-278,共4页Journal of Harbin Medical University

基　　金：重大公共卫生中央财政补助资金-儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目(2016/005000001)。

摘　　要：目的调查哈尔滨市南岗区学龄儿童2020~2023年口腔健康状况以及口腔健康知识、态度及行为,为下一步开展学龄儿童口腔预防保健工作提供参考。方法选取2023年4月哈尔滨市南岗区3791例儿童进行口腔检查并对家长发放问卷。采用描述性分析、Wilcoxon秩和检验及Logistic多因素分析等对学龄儿童口腔知信行情况及口腔卫生服务利用情况进行评估。结果哈尔滨市南岗区6~8岁儿童患龋率为90.2%,其中乳牙患龋率为89.5%,恒牙患龋率为23.3%;2020~2023年47.2%的儿童有牙痛经历,口腔科就医率为90.1%,以治疗为主要就医原因占49.7%,预防性口腔就医率为26.3%。多因素Logistic分析表明,非独生子女、频繁或持续的餐间食用含糖食物或饮料、母亲学历为初中及以下、每天刷牙1次、每天刷牙<1次者更可能有牙痛经历(OR值分别为1.24、1.63、1.29、1.70、1.66,P均<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市南岗区学龄儿童2020~2023年患龋率较高、预防性就医率低,多种因素影响儿童口腔健康,相关部门应通过采取针对性措施,促进学龄儿童口腔健康。Objective To investigate the oral health status as well as oral health knowledge,attitudes and behaviours of school-age children during 2020~2023 in Nangang District,Harbin City,and to provide references for the next step of preventive oral health care for school-age children.Methods In April 2023,3791 children in Nangang District,Harbin City,underwent oral examination and questionnaires were distributed to parents.Descriptive analysis,Wilcoxon rank sum test and Logistic multifactor analysis were used to assess the oral knowledge,attitudes and behaviours of school-age children and the use of oral health services.Results The caries rate of children aged 6~8 years in Nangang District,Harbin City,was 90.2%,of which 89.5%had caries in their milk teeth and 23.3%had caries in their permanent teeth;47.2%of children experienced toothache during the epidemic;the rate of dental visits was 90.1%,and the main reason for seeking medical care was treatment,accounting for 49.7%,and the rate of preventive oral health care visits was 26.3%.Multifactorial logistic analysis showed that those who were not only children,consumed sugary foods or beverages frequently or consistently between meals,had a mother with junior high school education or less,brushed their teeth once a day,and brushed their teeth<1 time a day were more likely to experience toothache(OR=1.24,1.63,1.29,1.70,1.66,P<0.05).Conclusion During the epidemic,school-age children in Nangang District,Harbin City have a high prevalence of dental caries and a low rate of prevalence medical care,with multiple factors affecting children's oral health.Relevant departments should take targeted measures to promote the oral health of school-age children.

关 键 词：口腔健康 口腔保健 儿童 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]