多重供应中断风险下高端装备制造企业库存控制策略研究  

Research on Inventory Control Strategies of High-end EquipmentManufacturing Enterprises under Multiple Supply Interruption Risks

作　　者：张小峰 曹学 戴博 龙昭达 ZHANG Xiao-feng;CAO Xue;DAI Bo;LONG Zhao-da(State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co.,Ltd,Changsha,Hunan 410118;School of Business Administration,Hunan University of Technology and Business,Changsha,Hunan 410205)

机构地区：[1]国网湖南省电力有限公司,湖南长沙410118 [2]湖南工商大学工商管理学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《供应链管理》2024年第9期5-26,共22页SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“风险叠加背景下我国高端制造供应链韧性测度与提升策略研究”(23BGL046);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目“突发公共事件背景下企业供应链应急能力研究”(2022JJ30204);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目重点项目“突发事件下我国企业供应链中断风险识别及韧性提升研究”(22A0465)。

摘　　要：在各类突发事件叠加影响下,高端装备制造企业供应链面临多重中断风险。为此,文章针对包含供应商、制造商和客户的三级供应链系统,从库存冗余视角出发,基于(Q,R)和(s,S)两种策略构建高端装备制造企业库存控制模型。该模型考虑固定周期内库存总成本和平均服务水平,针对两种策略在多重供应中断风险下的性能进行了多场景评估与分析。多重供应中断风险给供应链系统造成了巨大损失;与无中断场景相比,(s,S)策略和(Q,R)策略的库存总成本在中断发生后平均增幅分别为112.34%和162.27%;服务水平平均降幅分别为19.23%和25.1%。在1000次仿真结果中,多重中断场景下(s,S)策略优于(Q,R)策略760次;单一中断场景下(s,S)策略优于(Q,R)策略的次数分别为614次和655次;在无中断场景下,(Q,R)策略有554次仿真结果优于(s,S)策略。总体而言,(s,S)策略相较于(Q,R)策略更优,尤其是在应对多重供应中断中更为显著,而在无中断环境下(Q,R)策略则具有较好的优势。Under the compound impact of various sudden events,the supply chains of high-end equipment manufacturing firms are exposed to multiple disruption risks.In response,this study develops an inventory control model for such firms within a three-tier supply chain system comprising suppliers,manufacturers,and customers.From the perspective of inventory redundancy,the model is formulated based on the(Q,R)and(s,S)strategies.It considers the total inventory cost and average service level over a fixed period,evaluating and analyzing the performance of these strategies under multiple supply disruption risks across various scenarios.The findings reveal that multiple supply disruption risks impose substantial losses on the supply chain system.Compared to disruption-free scenarios,the(s,S)and(Q,R)strategies exhibit average increases in total inventory costs of 112.34%and 162.27%,respectively,following disruptions,and average reductions in service levels of 19.23%and 25.1%,respectively.In 1000 simulations,the(s,S)strategy outperforms the(Q,R)strategy in 760 instances under multiple disruption events;in single disruption events,the(s,S)strategy is superior 614 and 655 times,respectively;and in disruption-free environments,the(Q,R)strategy demonstrates better performance in 554 simulations.Overall,the(s,S)strategy is found to be superior to the(Q,R)strategy,particularly in managing multiple supply disruptions,while the(Q,R)strategy holds an advantage in disruption-free contexts.

关 键 词：多重中断 库存策略 仿真分析 高端装备制造 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]