《彷徨》:中国现代短篇小说文体形态的奠定  

Wandering:Establishment of the Stylistic Form of Modern Chinese Short Stories

作　　者：吴德利 WU Deli(School of Humanities,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学人文学院,四川成都611756

出　　处：《中北大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期28-37,共10页Journal of North University of China：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目:中国现代短篇小说的形成(11CZW060)。

摘　　要：本文以作为中国现代短篇小说文体过渡期的《呐喊》集为起点,重点论述《彷徨》集对中国现代短篇小说文体形成的奠基作用。通过鲁迅小说前后期的比较可以见出,《彷徨》集不仅逐步弱化或消失了戏剧化、叙事者介入、反复、反语、文白杂语、散文小品倾向等过渡性文体特征,在现代叙事上更见视角、结构、语言等方面的文体成熟;而且形成了自传体小说、意识流小说、乡土叙事小说等三大“五四小说”文体形态,对中国现代小说文体的发展起到奠定之功。Starting from Call to Arms,which represents the transitional period of modern Chinese short story style,this article focuses on the foundational role of Wandering in the formation of modern Chinese short story style.By comparing the early and later periods of Lu Xun’s novels,it becomes evident that Wan⁃dering gradually diminished or eliminated transitional stylistic features such as dramatization,narrator inter⁃vention,repetition,irony,mixed language styles,and prose sketches.Instead,it advanced modern narra⁃tive techniques in terms of perspective,structure,and language maturity.Furthermore,it established three major forms of May Fourth Fiction including autobiographical novels,stream of consciousness novels and rural narrative novels,thereby laying a solid foundation for the development of modern Chinese novel styles.

关 键 词：《彷徨》 短篇小说 文体形态 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]