贵阳地区儿童新型冠状病毒感染50例临床特征  

Clinical features of 50 children infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Guiyang,China

作　　者：陈林 汪希珂 刘文普[1,2] 马秀琦 Chen Lin;Wang Xike;Liu Wenpu;Ma Xiuqi(Pediatric Cardiovascular Center of Guizhou Hospital for Shanghai Children Medical Center,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China;Department of Pediatric,Guizhou People’s Hospital,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China;Department of Children Endocrine Genetic Metabolism,Shanghai Children Medical Center,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]上海儿童医学中心贵州医院儿童心脏中心,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州省人民医院儿科,贵州贵阳550002 [3]上海儿童医学中心贵州医院儿童内分泌遗传代谢科,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《贵州医药》2024年第9期1355-1358,共4页Guizhou Medical Journal

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-052);贵州省科学技术计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般411);贵州省科学技术计划项目(黔科合成果-LC[2021]011)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵阳地区感染新型冠状病毒儿童病例的临床特征,为诊治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2022年12月至2023年1月新型冠状病毒感染的儿童住院确诊病例的临床资料。结果50例患儿中,男性∶女性=1.7∶1;最小发病年龄1个月12天,最大11岁,中位数发病年龄1岁10个月;感染后临床症状以咳嗽、发热最为多见[均为41例(82%)],其次可出现呕吐、腹泻、腹痛等消化系统症状[12例(24%)],神经系统症状及泌尿系统症状较为少见[均为3例(6%)];50例患儿感染累及呼吸道时,6例(12%)仅累及上呼吸道,41例(82%)累及下呼吸道,其中累及肺部36例(72%);50例新型冠状病毒感染患儿多数血白细胞计数正常[37例(74%)或降低8例(16%)],C反应蛋白增高22例(44%),最高达217.88 mg/L,少部分患儿合并谷丙转氨酶、肌酐、肌酸激酶同工酶异常;50例新型冠状病毒感染患儿中,合并细菌感染12例,分别为:肺炎链球菌4例>卡他莫拉菌3例>金黄色葡萄球菌3例>流感嗜血杆菌1例>A组溶血性链球菌1例。另有12例(24%)合并肺炎支原体感染。结论贵阳地区新型冠状病毒感染的儿童以发热、咳嗽为主要症状,较多患儿感染可累及肺部;感染后患儿炎症反应较为明显,可伴发肝功能异常、心肌酶谱异常,临床诊治时需综合评估各脏器情况;部分患儿感染新型冠状病毒同时可合并细菌感染或肺炎支原体感染,在临床上需要引起重视;儿童感染新型冠状病毒经治疗后预后情况较好。Objective To analyze the clinical features of children infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),and provide reference for diagnosis and treatment.Methods The medical data of confirmed hospitalized cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children from December 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Among the 50 children,the males to females was1.7 to1.The minimum age of onset was 1 month and 12 days,the maximum was 11 years,the median age was 1 years and 10 months.Cough and fever were the most common clinical symptoms after infection that both 41cases and was 82%,followed by digestive symptoms such as vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain that 12 cases were 24%,and nervous and urinary symptoms were rare that both 3 cases were 6%.When the infection involved the respiratory tract,that 6 cases was 12%involved only the upper respiratory tract,that 41 cases was 82%involved the lower respiratory tract,and 36 cases was 72%involved the lung.Most of the 50 children infected with SARS-CoV-2 had normal white blood cell count that 37 cases were 74%or decreased that 8 cases were 16%,and C-reactive protein increased in 22 cases that 44%,up to 217.88 mg/L.A few of the children had abnormal glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,creatinine and creatine kinase isoenzyme.Among the 50 children infected with SARS-CoV-2,12 cases were complicated with bacterial infection,which were that 4 cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae,3 cases of Moraxella catarrhal,3 cases of Staphylococcus aureus,1 case of Haemophilus influenzae,1 case of hemolytic streptococcus group A.In addition,12 patients that 24%were infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Conclusion The main symptoms of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Guiyang are fever and cough,and most of them may involve the lungs.After the occurrence of infection,the inflammatory reaction is relatively obvious in the children,which may be accompanied by abnormal liver function and abnormal myocardial enzyme profile.The situation of all organs should be comprehensivel

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 临床特征 预后 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]