誓愿情节版本差异中窦娥之“冤”的另一重可能  

Version Differences of Oath Scene and Another Possible Cause of Dou E’s“Injustice”

作　　者：范德怡 吴巧玲 FAN Deyi;WU Qiaoling

机构地区：[1]集美大学海洋文化与法律学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《浙江艺术职业学院学报》2024年第2期39-45,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Vocational Academy of Art

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“元杂剧角色符号研究”(项目编号:18YJC751010)成果。

摘　　要：古名家本与《元曲选》本是《窦娥冤》杂剧最重要的两个版本,二者都有誓愿情节。后者的篇幅是前者的整整四倍,且两个版本这一情节的唱念都有种种差异,这些差异集中反映了《元曲选》尽量淡化而古名家本完整保留下来的窦娥之“冤”的另一重可能性。窦娥主动为蔡婆牺牲却至死不被蔡婆信任与理解之冤,是暗藏在窦娥冤案背后隐而不显的人情之冤。主动冒认罪行受冤而死情节,使该剧超越了被动受冤的孝妇故事,塑造了人格上更加光辉灿烂的孝妇形象,这也是为什么王国维评价该剧“其蹈汤赴火者,仍出于其主人翁之意志”。Ancient masters’version and The Anthology of Yuan Opera version are the two most important versions of the drama Dou E Yuan(The Tragedy of Dou E).Both versions contain the oath scene.The latter’s length is four times as long as the former’s,and there are various differences in the singing and chanting of the scene between the two versions.These differences reflect the other possibility of Dou E’s“wrong”that is weakened in The Anthology of Yuan Opera and preserved intact in the Ancient masters’version.Dou E sacrificed for Mrs.Cai but was not trusted and understood by her until death.This injustice hidden behind Dou E’s case is the injustice of human nature.Dou E actively confessed the crime and suffered the injustice.This plot makes the drama transcend the story of filial daughter suffering passively,and creates a more brilliant image of filial daughter.This is why Wang Guowei commented on the drama that“the heroine’s action of walking into the boiling water and fire still comes from her own will”.

关 键 词：《窦娥冤》 誓愿情节 版本差异 

分 类 号：J803[艺术—戏剧戏曲]