国内外优秀跳远运动员助跑起跳特征及体能训练方法研究  

Research on the Characteristics of Run-up and Take-off and Physical Training Methods of Elite Long Jump Athletes at Home and Abroad

作　　者：云知明 熊卫 熊佳琦 YUN Zhiming;XIONG Wei;XIONG Jiaqi(Track and Field Sports Management Center of Hubei Administration of Sport,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430060 China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing,100000 China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省体育局田径运动管理中心,湖北武汉430060 [2]北京体育大学,北京100000

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2024年第23期29-33,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

摘　　要：运用文献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析等研究方法,从运动生理学、运动解剖学、运动训练学的角度出发,对国内外优秀男子跳远运动员最后10m助跑速度、起跳角度、速度利用率等相关运动学技术参数进行对比,发现起跳腾起角度以及助跑速度对最终成绩的影响尤为显著,速度利用率较高,反而会影响起跳角度,影响助跑水平速度转换为垂直速度的能力。结合跳远助跑、起跳专项技术动作特征,提出了具体的体能训练方法与训练手段。By using the methods of Literature,Mathematical Statistics and Comparative Analysis,starting from the perspectives of Exercise Physiology,Sports Anatomy and Sports Training,this article compares the kinematics and technical parameters of excellent male long jump athletes at home and abroad,including the final 10 meters run-up speed,take-off angle and speed utilization rate.It is concluded that the take-off angle and running speed have a particularly significant impact on the final result.The higher the speed utilization rate,the more it affects the take-off angle and the ability of the horizontal speed conversion to vertical speed.Based on the characteristics of the long jump run-up and take-off special technical movements,the article puts forward the specific physical training methods and techniques.

关 键 词：跳远 助跑 起跳特征 体能 

分 类 号：G823.3[文化科学—体育训练]