北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及相关因素分析  

Analysis of the prevalence and related factors for comorbidity of myopia,obesity,and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing

作　　者：罗慧娟 孙冰洁[2] 赵海[2] 陈东妮 王路[2] 高若伊 邝惠宁 鄂博然 郭欣[1,2] LUO Huijuan;SUN Bingjie;ZHAO Hai;CHEN Dongni;WANG Lu;GAO Ruoyi;KUANG Huining;E Boran;GUO Xin(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing(100069),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第7期1045-1049,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(领军人才-01-09);中央补助北京市基本公共卫生项目。

摘　　要：目的分析北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及其相关因素,为制定常见病公共卫生综合干预措施提供依据。方法于2022年10月采用分层整群随机抽样方法,从北京市16个区抽取11262名初中、普通高中(普高)、职业高中(职高)在校学生开展自填式问卷调查,并进行体格检查和视力检查。分别采用χ~2检验和二元Logistic回归模型分析近视肥胖抑郁症状共患检出率的组间差异和共患的相关因素,采用分层分析健康危险行为与共患的关联。结果2022年北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患检出率为3.35%,职高学生共患检出率(4.61%)高于初中学生(2.80%)和普高学生(3.41%),郊区学生共患检出率(3.66%)高于城区学生(2.92%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为15.02,4.63,P值均<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,存在不良饮食行为(OR=1.59)、视屏时间过长(OR=1.70)的中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患风险更高;无论男、女生,存在不良饮食行为(OR值分别为1.63,1.69)、视屏时间过长(OR值分别为1.45,2.23)均更易发生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患;初中和普高学生存在不良饮食行为(OR值分别为2.16,1.47)、视屏时间过长(OR值分别为2.20,1.63)均更易发生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患(P值均<0.05)。结论北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状不容乐观;学校和家长应集成合力,引导学生养成均衡饮食、适度视屏等健康行为,以达到共同控制近视、肥胖和抑郁症状的目的。Objective To analyze the current status and related factors of comorbidity of myopia,obesity,and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing,so as to provide a basis for comprehensive public health interventions for common diseases.Methods Through stratified cluster random sampling in October 2022,a total of 11262 junior high school,senior high school,and vocational high school students in 16 districts of Beijing were surveyed with self-administered questionnaires,physical examinations and visual acuity examinations.The χ^(2) test and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze group differences in the comorbidity of myopia,obesity and depression symptoms and factors influencing the comorbidity.Stratified analysis was applied to analyze the associations between health risk behaviors and the comorbidity.Results The detection rate of comorbidity of myopia,obesity,and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing was 3.35%,the comorbidity rate among vocational high school students(4.61%)was higher than that in junior high school students(2.80%)and senior high school students(3.41%).The comorbidity rate was higher among students in suburban areas(3.66%)than that in urban areas(2.92%),and the differences was statistically significant(χ^(2)=15.02,4.63,P<0.05).Binary Logistic regression analyses indicated that middle school students with poor dietary behaviors(OR=1.59)and excessive screen time(OR=1.70)were associated with elevated risk of comorbidity of myopia,obesity,and depression symptoms.Both boys and girls with poor dietary behaviors(OR=1.63,1.69)and excessive screen time(OR=1.45,2.23)had elevated likelihood of comorbidity of myopia,obesity and depression symptoms.Students in junior high school and senior high school with poor dietary behaviors(OR=2.16,1.47)and excessive screen time(OR=2.20,1.63)had elevated likelihood of comorbidity of myopia,obesity,and depression symptoms(P<0.05).Conclusions The current status of comorbidity of myopia,obesity,and depression symptoms amon

关 键 词：近视 肥胖症 抑郁 共病现象 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R778.11[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R723.14[哲学宗教—心理学] G444[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]