亚麻籽蛋白酶解肽的降胆固醇作用研究  

holesterol-lowering effect of flaxseed protein hydrolysate peptides

作　　者：侯一峰 李雪馨 包小兰[1] HOU Yifeng;LI Xuexin;BAO Xiaolan(College of Food Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国油脂》2024年第9期28-35,共8页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0064);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金(31860423)。

摘　　要：旨在为亚麻籽蛋白的深加工利用提供参考,以低温压榨亚麻籽饼为原料,采用碱溶酸沉法制备亚麻籽蛋白,再采用酶解法制备亚麻籽蛋白酶解肽。采用超滤分离降胆固醇活性最高的亚麻籽蛋白酶解肽,并以其为原料进行动物实验探究其降胆固醇作用。结果表明:在酶解时间为4 h时,亚麻籽蛋白酶解肽的胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率最高,为47.57%;分子质量不大于3 kDa的超滤组分的胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率最高,为70.96%;与高胆固醇饮食组相比,亚麻籽蛋白酶解肽不大于3 kDa的超滤组分能够增加小鼠的摄食量和体质量,降低血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,提高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,降低肝脏指数和肝脏中TC、TG水平,改善肝脏脂肪变性程度,增加粪便总胆汁酸(TBA)的排泄量,并且可以通过降低丙二醛(MDA)水平,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力来减轻高胆固醇饮食导致的氧化应激反应。综上,亚麻籽蛋白酶解肽不大于3 kDa的超滤组分具有一定的降胆固醇作用,有望成为新型的降胆固醇功能性成分。To provide a reference for the deep processing and utilization of flaxseed protein,the flaxseed protein was prepared by alkali-soluble and acid-precipitation method from low-temperature pressed flaxseed cake,and then the flaxseed peptides were prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis.Ultrafiltration membranes were used to isolate flaxseed peptides with the highest cholesterol-lowering activity in vitro,and animal experiments were conducted to explore its cholesterol-lowering effects.The results showed that when the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 4 h,the cholesterol micelle solubility inhibition rate of flaxseed peptide was the highest(47.57%),and the cholesterol micelle solubility inhibition rate of the ultrafiltration fraction with a molecular weight of no more than 3 kDa was the highest(70.96%).Compared with the high-cholesterol diet group,the ultrafiltration fraction(≤3 kDa)could increase the food intake and body weight of mice,reduce the serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels,increase the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)level,reduce liver index and TC and TG levels in the liver,improve the degree of hepatic steatosis,increase fecal total bile acid(TBA)excretion,and reduce the oxidative stress caused by high-cholesterol diet by reducing malondialdehyde(MDA)level and increasing superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.In conclusion,the ultrafiltration fraction(≤3 kDa)of flaxseed peptides has a certain cholesterol-lowering effect,and is expected to become a new cholesterol-lowering functional component.

关 键 词：亚麻籽蛋白 酶解肽 小鼠 降胆固醇作用 

分 类 号：TS229[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]