苗瑶语人称代词的“数”范畴  

The Number Category of Personal Pronouns in Miao-yao Language

作　　者：丁玮明 DING Weiming(Department of Ethnic Languages and Literature,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2024年第4期81-95,共15页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：中央民族大学2023年博士研究生自主科研项目‚苗瑶语‘数’范畴研究‛(BZKY2023052);国家社会科学基金重大项目‚中国苗语方言地图集‛(21&ZD302)。

摘　　要：苗瑶语人称代词‚数‛范畴至少区分单、复数,苗语支部分语言有双数,但未必所有人称都有,这符合蕴含共性规律,湘西、黔东苗语的双数还受韵律因素的制约。‚数‛范畴的标记手段有异根法、内部屈折法和附加法,三者分别最多见于第一、第二、第三人称。内部屈折法可归为部分异根法(partialsuppletion),前两者都属词汇性手段,后者为形态性手段。苗语支语言‚数‛标记词汇性手段占优势,形态性手段也有所发展。瑶语支语言‚数‛标记词汇性和形态性手段兼备,何种手段占优势因方言土语而异。The“number”category of personal pronouns in Miao-yao language at least distinguishes single and plural.Some languages in Miao branch have dual pronouns,but dual pronouns may not be in all three persons,which accords with the law of implicational universals about person.The formation of dual category in western and central dialect of Miao language is restricted by prosodic factors.The marking means of dual and plural includes suppletion,internal inflection and affixing.Suppletion is most found in the first person,internal inflection is most found in the second person,and affixing is most found in the third person.Internal inflection can be classified as partial suppletion,the first two belong to lexical means,while the latter is a morphological means.The lexical means in Miao branch are dominant,and the morphological means have also developed.Yao branch both has lexical and morphological means,which means is dominant depending on the local dialect.

关 键 词：苗瑶语 人称代词 数范畴 双数 形态 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]