基于多源数据的PM_(2.5)污染暴露水平与环境公正性分析  

Analysis of PM_(2.5) Pollution Exposure Level and Environmental Justice Based on Multi-source Data

作　　者：周博 杨宗和 霍子文 李亚洲[1,2] ZHOU Bo;YANG Zonghe;HUO Ziwen;LI Yazhou(Guangzhou Urban Planning&Design Survey Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510060,China;Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Urban Sensing,Monitoring and EarlyWarning,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司,广东广州510060 [2]广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室,广东广州510060

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2024年第9期48-51,56,共5页Geospatial Information

基　　金：广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室基金资助项目(2020B121202019)。

摘　　要：如何将健康城市理念融入国土空间规划实践并让城市更健康是一个重要议题。PM_(2.5)已成为我国城市大气的首要污染物,而环境公正对于建立并落实生态文明制度体系具有重要意义。基于手机定位、空气监测、经济水平、土地利用等多源异构数据,首先利用轨迹聚类方法分析了PM_(2.5)动态暴露的时空分布特征,再运用相关性分析和结构方程模型对污染暴露环境公正性的存在和分布进行验证,最后初步探究了PM_(2.5)暴露水平的影响因素。结果表明,PM_(2.5)暴露水平与居民移动特征、出行时段等密切相关;研究区内存在明显的环境不公正现象,且环境不公正性也具有空间分异特征,其程度与经济水平、土地利用类型显著相关。Integrating the concept of a healthy city into the practice of territorial spatial planning and making cities healthier is an important issue.PM_(2.5) has become the primary pollutant in China’s urban atmosphere,and environmental justice is of great significance for the establishment and implementation of ecological civilization system.In this paper,based on the multi-source heterogeneous data such as mobile phone positioning,air monitoring,economic level and land-use,we used the trajectory clustering method to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5) dynamic exposure.Then,we used the correlation analysis and structural equation model to verify the existence and distribution of environmental justice in pollution exposure.Finally,we explored the influence factors of PM_(2.5) exposure level preliminarily.The results show that the level of PM_(2.5) exposure is closely related to residents’mobility characteristics and travel time.There is significant phenomenon of environmental injustice in the study area,and the degree of environmental injustice also has spatial differentiation characteristics,which is significantly related to economic level and land-use type.

关 键 词：轨迹聚类 PM_(2.5) 暴露水平 环境公正性 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]