大鼠煤工尘肺模型肺功能与炎症因子的变化特点  

Changes of lung function and inflammatory factors in rat models of coal workers'pneumoconiosis

作　　者：韩笑 王天枢 宋静[1] 王林平[1] 张慧芳[1] 路小婷[1] Han Xiao;Wang Tianshu;Song Jing;Wang Linping;Zhang Huifang;Lu Xiaoting(School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis,National Health Commission,Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pothogenicity and Prevention of Ministry of Education,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,国家卫生健康委尘肺病重点实验室,煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室,太原030001

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2024年第8期561-567,共7页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所科研业务项目(2020-PT320-005);广东省职业病防治重点实验室开放课题。

摘　　要：目的观察不同时间点大鼠煤工尘肺模型肺功能与炎症因子的变化特点。方法于2021年6月,将96只SPF级健康雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为1、3、6个月对照组和染尘组(煤尘组、煤矽尘组、石英组),每组8只。适应性饲养一周后,采用一次性非暴露式气管灌注法(1 ml/只),染尘组分别给予50 g/L煤尘、煤矽混合尘和石英尘悬浮液,对照组给予0.9%生理盐水溶液。灌注后满1、3、6个月时采用动物肺功能仪检测肺功能,随后全部处死大鼠并取肺组织和肺泡灌洗液,HE染色观察肺组织病理学形态变化,ELISA法检测肺泡灌洗液中细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18、IL-4和IL-10的含量。多组间比较用单因素方差分析;组间处理和处理时间对相关指标的影响分析采用两因素[组间处理因素(4个水平)、观察时间因素(3个水平)]4×3析因设计方差分析。结果HE染色结果显示,煤尘组大鼠肺组织出现煤斑,煤矽尘组大鼠肺组织出现煤斑和煤矽结节,石英组大鼠肺组织出现矽结节。与对照组比较,各染尘组大鼠用力肺活量(FVC)、第0.2秒用力呼气容积(FEV 0.2)在组间处理和处理时间上存在交互作用(P<0.05)。随着染尘时间的增加,FVC、FEV 0.2在染尘3至6个月时明显下降,每分钟最大通气量(MVV)在染尘1至3个月时明显下降(P<0.05)。各染尘组大鼠肺功能指标最低的是石英组,其次为煤矽尘组、煤尘组。各组大鼠促炎因子IL-18在组间处理和处理时间的主效应及交互效应上差异均有统计学意义(F=70.79、45.97、5.90,P均<0.001),且存在交互作用。各染尘组肺泡灌洗液中炎症因子含量最高的是石英组,其次为煤矽尘组、煤尘组。各组大鼠抗炎因子在组间处理和处理时间的主效应及交互效应上差异均有统计学意义(IL-4:F=41.55、33.01、5.23,P=<0.001、<0.001、<0.001;IL-10:F=7.46、20.80、2.91,P=0.002、<0.001、0.024),且存在交互作用。各染尘组大鼠抗炎因子含量�ObjectiveTo observe the changes of lung function and inflammatory factors in rat models of coal workers'pneumoconiosis at different time points.MethodsIn June 2021,96 healthy male SD rats with SPF grade were divided into 1,3,and 6-month control group and dust staining group(coal dust group,coal silica dust group,quartz group)according to random number table method,with 8 rats in each group.After one week of adaptive feeding,a one-time non-exposed tracheal perfusion method(1 ml/piece)was used.The dust dyeing group was given 50 g/L coal dust,coal silica mixed dust and quartz dust suspension,respectively,and the control group was given 0.9%normal saline solution.At 1,3 and 6 months after perfusion,lung function was detected by animal lung function apparatus,then all lung tissues and alveolar lavage fluid were killed,and lung histopathological morphological changes were observed by HE staining,and the contents of interleukin(IL-1β),IL-18,IL-4 and IL-10 in alveolar lavage fluid were detected by ELISA.One-way analysis of variance was used to compare groups.Two factors(inter-group treatment factor(4 levels)and observation time factor(3 levels))were used in the analysis of the effects of inter-group treatment and treatment time on related indicators.ResultsHE staining results showed that coal spot appeared in the lung tissue of coal dust group,coal spot and coal silicon nodule appeared in the lung tissue of coal dust group,and silicon nodule appeared in the lung tissue of quartz group.Compared with the control group,the forced vital capacity(FVC)and forced expiratory volume at 0.2 second(FEV 0.2)of rats in the dust staining group had interaction between the treatment and treatment time(P<0.05).With the increase of dust dyeing time,FVC and FEV 0.2 decreased significantly at 3-6 months of dust dyeing,and the maximum gas volume per minute(MVV)decreased significantly at 1-3 months of dust dyeing(P<0.05).The lowest lung function index was in quartz group,followed by coal-silica group and coal-dust group.There were statistica

关 键 词：大鼠 尘肺 煤工尘肺 肺功能 促炎因子 抗炎因子 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R135.2