自噬途径降解肝脏脂滴的研究进展  

Research advances in the degradation of hepatic lipid droplets through the autophagy pathway

作　　者：王蓉芝 王琳雳 焦靖雯 于云飞 李宝龙 WANG Rongzhi;WANG Linli;JIAO Jingwen;YU Yunfei;LI Baolong(Center for Safety Evaluation of drugs,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学药物安全性评价中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《临床肝胆病杂志》2024年第9期1916-1923,共8页Journal of Clinical Hepatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81573135);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2023H056);黑龙江省博士后科研启动项目(LBH-Q21042)。

摘　　要：自噬是一种高度保守的细胞降解途径,可通过“脂噬”过程来降解脂滴。脂噬可以选择性地识别脂类物质并将其降解,促进β氧化,进而维持细胞内脂质代谢的平衡状态。肝脏通过脂噬信号通路或关键分子来调控脂滴代谢,进而降低肝脏脂肪变性,改善非酒精性脂肪性肝病。本文总结归纳了巨自噬、分子伴侣介导的自噬和微自噬样3种自噬途径降解肝脏脂滴的最新研究进展,AMPK/mTOR-ULK1、ATGL-SIRT1、FGF21-JMJD3、Akt作为调控脂噬过程的主要信号通路,有助于维持肝脂质代谢稳态,能够为临床预防和治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病提供新思路。Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular degradation pathway that degrades lipid droplets through a process called“lipophagy”.Lipophagy can selectively recognize lipid substances and degrade them,promotingβoxidation and thereby maintaining the balance of intracellular lipid metabolism.The liver regulates lipid droplet metabolism through lipophagy signaling pathways or key molecules,thereby alleviating hepatic steatosis and improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).This article reviews the latest advances in the degradation of hepatic lipid droplets through the three autophagic pathways of macroautophagy,molecular chaperone-mediated autophagy,and microautophagy.The major signaling pathways of AMPK/mTORULK1,ATGL-SIRT1,FGF21-JMJD3,and Akt are involved in the regulation of the lipophagy process and help to maintain the homeostasis of lipid metabolism in the liver,so as to provide new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

关 键 词：非酒精性脂肪性肝病 自噬 脂类代谢 病理过程 

分 类 号：R575.5[医药卫生—消化系统]