黄河三角洲盐地碱蓬湿地不同修复技术的效果评估  

EVALUATION ON EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT RESTORATION MEASURES ON SUAEDA SALSA WETLAND IN THE YELLOW RIVER DELTA

作　　者：岳修鹏 孙乾照 吕梦雪 李家奇 王安东 张树岩 谢湉[2,4] 王青 YUE Xiupeng;SUN Qianzhao;LÜMengxue;LI Jiaqi;WANG Andong;ZHANG Shuyan;XIE Tian;WANG Qing(Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Administration Committee,Dongying 257091,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Dongjiang Street,Longkou,Yantai City,Shandong Province,Yantai 265718,China;Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Ministry of Education,Dongying 257509,China;Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519087,China)

机构地区：[1]山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区管理委员会,山东东营257091 [2]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875 [3]山东烟台市龙口市东江街道,山东烟台265718 [4]黄河口湿地生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东东营257509 [5]北京师范大学珠海校区流域环境生态工程研发中心,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第8期8-16,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107057)。

摘　　要：为了维持盐地碱蓬群落分布格局与种群特征稳定,黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区自2019年起,在退化盐地碱蓬湿地开展了基于微地形调整及利用淡水补充压盐2种技术的生态修复工程。对修复工程进行了跟踪监测,对比分析了修复工程区、退化区以及自然湿地区中盐地碱蓬对的形态与群落特征、土壤理化性质以及大型底栖动物群落特征,以评估不同修复措施的实施效果。结果表明,微地形修复措施修复效果显著,修复区中盐地碱蓬密度、盖度和生物量均高于退化对照区,并与自然湿地区接近;底栖动物密度也得到了显著提升,但是群落结构发生了变化,多样性指数与均匀度指数下降。而淡水补充修复区由于补水中断,修复效果并不显著。To maintain the stability of the Suaeda salsa population and their patterns,the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve has carried out ecological restoration projects in the degraded Suaeda salsa wetlands since 2019.Two types of restoration measures were carried out in the degraded area:microtopographic adjustment,and replenishing fresh water to reduce soil salinity.In order to evaluate the effect of the two restoration measures,we monitored and analyzed the morphological and population characteristics of Suaeda salsa,soil physicochemical properties,and macrobenthos community characteristics in the restoration project,degraded wetlands,and natural wetlands.The results showed that microtopographic adjustment was the most effective measure,while the density,coverage,and biomass of Suaeda salsa in the restoration project were higher than those in the degraded wetland,and were close to the natural wetland.In addition,the density of macrobenthos was increased,but the community structure of macrobenthos had been changed,and the diversity and evenness index decreased.On the contrary,the effect of the replenishment of fresh water was not significant,which might be caused by the interruption of fresh water.

关 键 词：盐沼湿地 生态修复 微地形 淡水补充 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]