藻菌共生短程脱氮系统构建及污泥菌群结构分析  

CONSTRUCTION OF A SHORTCUT NITROGEN REMOVAL SYSTEM FOR ALGAL-BACTERIAL SYMBIOSIS AND ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SLUDGE

作　　者：包美玲 胡智泉[2] 张强 洪慧 邓俊 裴云霞 李炳堂 BAO Meiling;HU Zhiquan;ZHANG Qiang;HONG Hui;DENG Jun;PEI Yunxia;LI Bingtang(Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-environment Sciences(Provincial Ecological Environment Engineering Assessment Center),Wuhan 430072,China;School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省生态环境科学研究院(省生态环境工程评估中心),武汉430072 [2]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第8期35-42,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目“活性污泥人工多细胞体系效能与安全性评估”(2019YFA0905504);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“云南临沧市临翔区域生态环境综合治理与生态恢复”(2017KFKJFP002)。

摘　　要：低C/N高氨氮废水的传统生物脱氮方法存在曝气能耗大、外加碳源量高等不足。将富集氨氧化菌(AOB)的短程硝化功能污泥与小球藻联合构建藻菌共生短程脱氮系统,研究挂膜方式和光照强度等因素对系统脱氮除磷效能影响,并利用高通量测序技术手段分析微生物功能菌群结构,探究系统内的氮转化路径。结果表明:驯化污泥中氨氧化菌(AOB)相对丰度为19.31%,亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)在AOB中占比为94.41%,具有良好的短程硝化能力。藻菌共生系统实现了高效脱氮,在采用先接种污泥再接种微藻挂膜且设置光照强度为5000 lux时,其对模拟沼液的TN、TP去除效果最佳,去除率分别为93.22%、82.38%。藻菌共生系统稳定运行37 d后,生物膜中微生物丰富度提高,陶厄氏菌属(Thauera)相对丰度达56.42%,成为反硝化优势菌种,AOB相对丰度减少至5.65%,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)丰度仍极低,此时脱氮效率能够保持在90%以上。藻菌共生短程脱氮系统主要通过短程硝化反硝化(约88.46%)和生物同化作用(约6.79%)实现高效脱氮,比传统生物脱氮技术节省反硝化碳源约60.5%。The conventional biological nitrogen removal of wastewater with low C/N ratio and high ammonia nitrogen has some deficiencies,such as high energy consumption of aeration,and high amount of added carbon source.In this study,a shortcut nitrogen removal system for algal-bacterial symbiosis was constructed by combining shortcut nitrification functional sludge enriched with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)with Chlorella.The effects of the film coating method and light intensity on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the system were studied.The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial community structure,and to analyze and determine the nitrogen conversion pathway in the system.The results demonstrated that the relative abundance of AOB in acclimated sludge was 19.31%,of which the main strain was Nitrosomonas,accounting for 94.41%of total AOB.The shortcut nitrification ability of acclimated sludge was excellent.An efficient nitrogen removal was achieved in the algal-bacterial symbiotic system.When first inoculating sludge and then inoculating microalgae,and the light intensity was set to 5000 lux,the best removal efficiency of TN and TP from simulated biogas slurry in the system could be realized as high as 93.22%and 82.38%,respectively.After stable operation of the system for 37 days,the microbial richness of the algal-bacterial symbiotic biofilm increased,and the nitrogen removal efficiency was higher than 90%.In biofilm,Thauera,with an relative abundance of 56.42%,played a dominant role in denitrification,while the relative abundance of AOB was reduced to 5.65%,and the abundance of NOB was very low.The high efficiency of nitrogen removal was realized through the shortcut nitrification-denitrification process(about 88.46%)and biological assimilation(about 6.79%)in shortcut nitrogen removal system for algal-bacterial symbiosis.About 60.5%of the carbon source for denitrification was saved,compared with traditional biological denitrification technology.

关 键 词：藻菌共生 系统构建 菌群结构 氮转化 短程硝化反硝化 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703